作物学报2000，Vol.26Issue(2)：148-156,9.
建国以来我国黄淮棉区棉花品种的遗传改良Ⅰ．产量及产量组分的改良
Genetic Improvements of Cotton Varieties in Huang-Huai Region in China Since 1950s I. Improvements on Yield and Yield Components
孔繁玲 1姜保功 2张群远 1杨付新 3李如忠 4刘永平 5赵素兰 6郭腾龙7
作者信息
- 1. 中国农业大学植物遗传育种系,北京,100094
- 2. 中国科学院遗传研究所,北京,100101
- 3. 中国农业科学院棉花研究所,河南安阳,455112
- 4. 山东棉花研究中心,山东济南,250100
- 5. 河北沧州市农科所,河北沧州,061001
- 6. 河南西华黄泛农场农业科学研究所,河南西华,466632
- 7. 山东菏泽市农业科学研究所,山东菏泽,274000
- 折叠
摘要
Abstract
This paper is the first part of the series reports about genetic improvements of cotton varieties in Huang-Huai Region(Cotton Region in the Valley of Yellow River and Huai River)in China, the purpose of which is to study the genetic improvements on yield and yield components (bolls per plant, boll size and lint percentage) of cotton varieties grown in Huang-Huai Region since 1950s. Experimental data of 10 representative varieties (both obsolete and current) at 5 sites over 2 years and archive data obtained from Huang-Huai Regional Trials in last 30 years were studied. Results indicated that a great genetic progress in cotton yield has been made by breeding programs since 1950s. The yield potential increased at the rate of 8.00 kg/hm2 per year. The average rate of yield increase from 1950 to 1994 was 16.14 kg/hm2 per year, 30% or more of which attributed to genetic improvement. A new variety produced 68.69% higher lint yield, 2. 4 more bolls per plant and 5% higher lint percentage than the old ones, but the significant change in boll size was not detected. The yield increase of current varieties was mainly accounted for the improvements of bolls per plant and lint percentage. The relative effects of boll per plant and boll size and lint percentage on lint yield varied at different breeding stages, which reflected the change of breeding strategy and selection emphasis. The negative correlation between boll size and bolls per plant, and boll size and lint percentage was detected; such negative correlation would become a limit in cotton breeding. Methods of studying genetic improvement in crops were also reviewed and discussed in this paper.关键词
棉花/品种/遗传改良Key words
Cotton/Variety/Genetic improvement分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
孔繁玲,姜保功,张群远,杨付新,李如忠,刘永平,赵素兰,郭腾龙..建国以来我国黄淮棉区棉花品种的遗传改良Ⅰ．产量及产量组分的改良[J].作物学报,2000,26(2):148-156,9.
