高校地质学报2005，Vol.11Issue(2)：167-180,14.
微生物成矿
Microbial Biomineralization
摘要
Abstract
Microbial metabolism of life-essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen and metals can significantly change the physicochemical conditions of their external or internal environments. Through a variety of biogeochemical processes, microorganisms mediate the precipitation of minerals (biomineralization) or dissolution of minerals or rocks (microbial weathering). Biomineralization can have two pathways. One is called biological induced mineralization by which organisms secrete metabolic products that result in subsequent deposition of mineral particles; another pathway is called biologically controlled mineralization by which the microbes exert a significant degree of control over the nucleation and growth of the minerals. The minerals of microbial genesis are generally characterized by small grain size and/or unique isotopic features. The most common biogenetic minerals are carbonates, sulfides and iron oxides. The structure of cell surface and the exopolymers excreted plays an essential role in forming templates for ions to condense, assemble and mineralize. Biomimetic synthesis of Earth materials helps us to understand the mechanism of biomineralization under artificial conditions. Furthermore, biogenic minerals in geological environments can be used as biosignatures, which help to retrieve the origin and evolution of life on Earth and other planets.关键词
微生物/生物成因矿物/生物诱导成矿/生物控制成矿/仿生合成/生物信号Key words
Microorganisms/biogenic minerals/biological induced mineralization/biologically controlled mineralization/biomimetic synthesis/biosignatures分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
李一良,王汝成,周根涛,张传伦..微生物成矿[J].高校地质学报,2005,11(2):167-180,14.基金项目
This work was partially financially supported by the Education Department of Jiangsu Province for Geochemistry discipline construction. （）
