兽类学报2005，Vol.25Issue(3)：209-218,10.
田鼠种群波动的原因和时间
Vole Population Fluctuations: Why and When?
摘要
Abstract
In this paper I summarize the results and conclusions of a 25-year study of demography of the prairie vole(Microtus ochrogaster), and meadow vole (M. pennsylvanicus).The roles of survival and reproduction are evaluated in respect to why population fluctuations occur some years and not others, what initiates a population fluctuation, and what is responsible for the variation in the peak density among population fluctuations. Population fluctuations of both species were erratic in respect to annual occurrence, the time of the peak density of fluctuations within years, and the hight of peak the density a given year. For both species, changes in survival appeared to be responsible for whether a fluctuation occurred a given year and the time of the peak density of a fluctuation. Population density at the beginning of the increase phase and length of the increase were most responsible for variation in peak densities of population fluctuations of both species. Stoppage of growth of populations of M. ochrogaster resulted from decreased survival, whereas stoppage of most population fluctuations of M. pennsylvanicus resulted from decreased reproduction. Variation in mortality associated with initiation of a population fluctuation is presumed to result primarily from the net effect of a consortium of generalist predators, populations of each which are controlled by factors other than vole densities. Accordingly, predation pressure on vole populations a given year is presumed to be unpredictable, resulting in the observed erratic nature of population fluctuations of M. ochrogaster and M. pennsylvanicus.关键词
橙腹田鼠/草原田鼠/种群周期/种群波动/田鼠Key words
Meadow vole(Microtus pennsylvanicus)/Prairie vole(Microtus ochrogaster)/Population cycles, Population fluctuations/Voles分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
Lowell L. Getz..田鼠种群波动的原因和时间[J].兽类学报,2005,25(3):209-218,10.基金项目
The study was supported in part by grants NSF DEB 78-25864 and NIH HD 09328 and by the University of Illinois School of Life Sciences and Graduate College Research Board （）
