湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）2004，Vol.30Issue(5)：482-487,6.
施肥和灌溉对土壤和水质的影响
Effects of Irrigation and Fertilizer on Soil and Water Quality
摘要
Abstract
Reviews five important methods to monitor water quality,ten guidelines for selecting soil physical,chemical and biological quality indicators and how these parameters are affected by typical irrigation systems and fertilizer types.It is found that:rain-fed,flood irrigation,drip irrigation,trickle irrigation and sprinkler irrigation have variable water use efficiencies and variable effects on soil.Soil biological and biochemical variables are considered to be essential to measure changes in soil quality.Soil quality parameters such as soil aggregate size,stability and solum thickness,bulk density,infiltration rate,soil organic matter,microbial biomass and increased nutrient availability are improved by fertilization,though soil pH,total organic carbon and basic cation contents may be decreased.Excessive fertilization can cause soil quality decline and serious environment problems.Improved lysimeters without edge flow can be used to measure accurately the effects of fertilizer and irrigation on drainage water quality.The conclusions are that water quality,soil quality and productive capacity can be maintained and improved in the long-term by careful use of fertilizers and irrigation.关键词
灌溉/施肥/土壤/水质Key words
irrigation/fertilizer/soil/water quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
刘向华,阳树英..施肥和灌溉对土壤和水质的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）,2004,30(5):482-487,6.基金项目
国家留学基金委资助项目(留金出2003-3066号) （留金出2003-3066号）
湖南农业大学引进人才基金资助项目 （）
