摘要
Abstract
Peanut has been an important constituent in field crop production systems with various vegetable crops in Kanto and Southern Kyushu districts in Japan. However, the import from the foreign countries such as China and the United States has gradually been increasing, and the conation of the peanut growers becomes low. Since import liberalization of the peanut for oil and the roasted peanut were done in 1971 and 1973, respectively, the domestic production decreased remarkably. In 2002, the cultivated area is 9,950 ha and the production is 24,000 tons as unshelled peanut. The consumption is currently about 60,000 tons per a year, and it is now continuing to decrease. As for the large size peanut, approximately 100% is imported from China, and as for the small size peanut, 7,000 tons are imported from China, the United States, and South Africa, respectively. To improve eating quality of peanut, the breeding has been proceeded and 14 varieties are registered at present. However, only two kinds of varieties, Chibahandachi and Nakateyutaka, are now grown on much of cultivated area. Both varieties account for 80% of all the growing area. Recently, as the early maturing variety for the Southern Kyushu district, two varieties of Satonoka and Fukumasari were registered. Because the consumption as boiled pods is recently increasing, the breeding must be also conducted for this use. The flavor is a very important element for eating quality in Japanese varieties. The genetic improvement in flavor should also be proceeded. In this presentation, some traits of recent varieties of peanut registered in Japan are also mentioned.关键词
日本品种/花生/生产/品种改良Key words
Japanese variety/peanut/production/varietal improvement分类
农业科技
