山东科学2005，Vol.18Issue(3)：98-106,9.
利用拮抗细菌防治棉花黄萎病
Biological control of Verticillium wilt of cotton caused by Verticillium dahliae with antagonistic bacteria
摘要
Abstract
In this study,1345 strains of bacteria isolated from rhizosphere,rhizoplane and endophytic tissues of diverse plants grown in China were tested in vitro against Verticillium dahliae.Of these,118 isolates showed strong antagonism,with an inhibiting rate of ≥50%, 25 isolates had an inhibiting rate of ≥70%, and 93 isolates had an inhibiting rate from 50% to 70%.57 bacterial strains were isolated from microsclerotia of V. dahliae and 30 isolates significantly(P=0.01)reduced the colony development of microsclerotia compared to the control. Five of those isolates completely inhibited germination of microsclerotia and another 15 isolates displayed inhibiting rates from 40% to 97%. Filtrates produced from antagonistic bacteria were also inhibitory to growth of V. dahliae.When applied to the seed of cotton in a growth chamber, 10 antagonistic bacterial strains significantly (P=0.01) reduced indices of cotton Verticillium wilt.Disease control efficacies for 4 strains of antagonists (ICB-18, NCD-2, CS-25 and CS-27) ranged from 72.3%-81.4%; and another 3 strains (C-94, C-28 and NCD-25) ranged from 55.7% to 61.9% control. In field trials, Strain NCD-2 significantly (P=0.05) reduced the disease index during 1999-2000 compared to both the untreated control and the commercial biological control product TF (Talaromyces flavus).The average control efficacy for this isolate was 85.4% for these 2 years.The other 4 strains (ICB-18, CS-25, C-94 and C-28) significantly (P=0.05) reduced disease compared to the control, but were not significantly different to TF.In a demonstration trial, Strain NCD-2 reduced the disease index by 51.2% when applied as a seed treatment and following conventional direct planting methods.The disease index was reduced by 52.6% and yield increased by 22.85% when Strain NCD-2 was applied by seed treatment and transplanting.Safety testing showed that Strain NCD-2 had no detrimental effects on seed germination, growth and development of wheat, corn, cotton, potato, cucumber, eggplant and bean in a growth chamber.关键词
生物防治/棉花黄萎病/大丽轮枝菌/微菌核Key words
biological control/Verticillium wilt/Verticillium dahliae/microsclerotia分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李社增,鹿秀云,马平,高胜国,H.C. HUANG..利用拮抗细菌防治棉花黄萎病[J].山东科学,2005,18(3):98-106,9.基金项目
This study was financially supported by the following grants and foundations: Natural Science Foundation of Hebei (301468), Doctorial Foundation of Hebei (03547022D), Key project of HAAFS (A03-1-03-09) and Canadian International Development Agency (#282/19690). （301468）
