干旱区地理2011，Vol.34Issue(1)：12-19,8.
基于GIS的石羊河流域森林生态效益估算与空间分布特征研究
Valuation of forest ecological benefit and distributing pattern in Shiyang River Basin Based on GIS
摘要
Abstract
The Shiyang River basin is one of important river basins in arid region of Northwest China. But because of the over-utilization of water resources and irrational water allocation, vegetation degradation and desertification issue in the lower reaches are very serious. So the river regulation and the protection of ecological environment are extremely urgent. In view of the serious ecological environment problem, this paper takes advantage of the technique of GIS and the method of data spatialization, obtains the mean precipitation raster layers of Shiyang River basin by Kriging interpolation. And based on Shiyang River basin forest types raster data, and in combination with relevant statistical information, then by using ArcGIS Grid computing and clustering approach, generates ecological benefit distribution maps which is about the conservation of water resources, about the value of soil conservation,the value of CO2 fixation and O2 production and so on. Based on these data and synthesizing every raster layer, we get the forest ecological benefit volume distribution map in Shiyang River basin, to give a visual interpretation of spatial distribution condition of research district forest ecological benefit. The result shows that: the service valuation of forest ecosystem in unit area of Shiyang River basin is about 7.30 thousand Yuan · hm -2 · a-l, which is relatively low. Spatially, the service valuation of forest ecosystem in Shiyang River basin has the pattern character of two areas and three centers. The high-value districts are mainly distributed in the Qilian Mountains, which is in the upstream of the Shiyang River basin. The low-value districts are mainly from the piedmont to the north of the desert areas. This distributing pattern of forest ecosystem has vertical zonality, which is akin to the pattern of vegetation landscape. The three high value centers of service valuation are around the upstream valley of Xida River,Xiying River and Jinta River, and they also contain the region around these rivers at an elevation of 2 000 to 3 000 meters. The distribution feature is related closely to the law that water-heat distribution varies according to elevation above sea level. Considering the service of forest ecosystem, the Qilian Mountains region plays a very important role in Shiyang River basin. This quantification and visualization result is very important to further study of ecological process and ecological effect. Also, this result is of great theoretical value and big realistic significance to direct ecological restoration and ecological rebuilding.关键词
森林生态效益/分布格局/GIS/石羊河流域Key words
forest ecological benefit/ distributing pattern/ GIS/ Shiyang River basin分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
赵军,陈姗..基于GIS的石羊河流域森林生态效益估算与空间分布特征研究[J].干旱区地理,2011,34(1):12-19,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(40961026) （40961026）
