中国人口·资源与环境2011，Vol.21Issue(1)：28-32,5.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-2104.2011.01.005
北京市交通拥堵的社会成本分析
The Social Cost of Transportation Congestion in Beijing
摘要
Abstract
This paper aims to assess the social costs of transportation congestion in Beijing, and contribute to transportation pricing and policies making. Applying universal congestion cost assessment methodologies, three main kinds of congestion costs are calculated and several policy scenarios during the Beijing Olympic Games are compared. The database of vehicle flows and speeds were collected from a field study of transportation monitoring from 2007 to 2008 by the Environmental Economics and Policy Group in College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering of Peking University. This paper finds that transportation congestion costs at least 5 - 25 billion yuan RMB (0.5％ -2.5％ of GDP) in Beijing in the whole year of 2008, including time delay cost, extra oil combustion and air pollutants emission. Comparing to the situation in 2007, traffic congestion was alleviated by measures of road re-constructions and accomplishment of new underground railway lines in 2008. The "Good Luck Beijing" vehicle driving ban policy and the driving bans during the Olympics in 2008 are found to be effective in the short term which reduced 40％ -50％ cost of time delay; extra oil combustion and air pollutant emissions are also significantly reduced. In order to achieve the large potential of social cost saving of vehicle congestion, this paper suggests that government should further consider and design more effective transportation management policies, especially policies aiming at improving public transportation system in Beijing in a long term.关键词
交通拥堵/社会成本/交通限行政策/北京Key words
transportation congestion/ social cost/ vehicle driving ban policies/ Beijing分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
谢旭轩,张世秋,易如,吴丹,黄德生..北京市交通拥堵的社会成本分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2011,21(1):28-32,5.基金项目
北京市重大科技项目"北京与周边地区大气污染物传输、转化及北京市空气质量目标研究"之课题7"北京区域大气污染联合防治策略和措施"(编号:D09040903670905) （编号:D09040903670905）
上海同济高廷耀环保科技发展基金青年博士杰出人才奖学金 （）
北京大学环境科学与工程学院"沃尔特·斯波福德环境经济学奖学 （）
