作物学报2011，Vol.37Issue(1)：119-126,8.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.00119
空间环境诱变小麦叶绿素缺失突变体的主要农艺性状和光合特性
Agronomic Traits and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Chlorophyll-Deficient Wheat Mutant Induced by Spaceflight Environment
摘要
Abstract
Chlorophyll deficient mutants are ideal materials to study photosynthetic mechanism, pathways of chlorophyll biosynthesis and degradation, and genes related to photosynthesis.The chlorophyll-deficient wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) mutant Mt135, induced by space mutagenesis, was investigated on main agronomic traits and photosynthetic characteristics in a comparison with its wild type.The leaf color of Mt135 showed albino, stripe, and green phenotypes.The albino plants with entire albino leaves died at seedling stage, while plants with green-and-white striped leaves usually matured 5–7 d later than the wild type, and the plant height, spike length, grain number and grain weight per plant, and 1000-grain weight were lower than the wild type.The green plants were not significantly different from the wild type.Preliminary genetic analysis showed that the inheritance model of Mt135 was nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction.When exposed to photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) of 110 μmol m-2 s-1, the green tissue of striped plants (S-G) and the wild plant had no significant difference on the value of maximum photosystem Ⅱ quantum yield, but the potential activity of photosystem Ⅱ was significantly lower in S-G plants than in the wild plant.The changes of the photochemical quenching, non-photochemical quenching, effective quantum yield, regulated non-photochemical energy dissipation, and non-regulated energy dissipation were different at various growth stages.In addition, the differences of the electron transport rate, photochemical quenching, and effective quantum yield between S-G plant and the wild plant varied under different PAR conditions.The white tissue of the striped plant and the albino plant completely lost the photosynthetic function.As a result, the photosynthesis of Mt135 was greatly restricted.High photosynthetic active radiation had tremendous impact on the mutant at elongation stage and relatively weak impact at heading stage.The changes of photosynthetic function of striped plant are in accordance with the reduction of their plant height, spike length, and yield related traits.关键词
小麦/空间诱变/叶绿素缺失突变体/农艺性状/叶绿素荧光动力学参数引用本文复制引用
赵洪兵,郭会君,赵林姝,古佳玉,赵世荣,李军辉,刘录祥..空间环境诱变小麦叶绿素缺失突变体的主要农艺性状和光合特性[J].作物学报,2011,37(1):119-126,8.基金项目
本研究由国家航天育种工程(发改高技[2003]138号),国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2007AA100102),国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAD97B01,2009BAA24B05),农业部农业公益性行业科研专项(200803034)和国际原子能机构项目(CRP14195,CPR5017)资助. （发改高技[2003]138号）
