农业环境科学学报2011，Vol.30Issue(2)：271-281,11.
云南个旧市郊农作物重金属污染现状及健康风险
Heavy Metal Pollution in Crops Growing in Suburb of Gejiu City, Yunnan Province, China:Present Situation and Health Risk
摘要
Abstract
With the exploration, selection and smelting of mine resources, heavy metal pollution in soil is getting serious and endangers food safety and human health. A filed survey was conducted to investigate the present situation and health risk of heavy metal pollution in soils and crops in Jijie Town, located at the suburb of Gejiu City, Yunnan Province. The results indicated that average concentrations of lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper(Cu) and cadmium(Cd) in soil at the studied site exceeded "Environment Quality Standard for Soils"(GB 15618-1995 ) (Grade Ⅱ ). A significantly positive correlation was observed between diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) extractable and total concentrations of soil Ph, Cu, Cd(P＜0.01 ) and Zn(P＜0.05 ), respectively. Concentrations of Pb in crops exceeded the maximum levels of contaminants in foods except Raphanus sativus, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis and Saccharum officinarum, with an exceeding rate of 80％. The highest concentration of Pb was examined in Mentha arvensis, with an average of 3.28 mg· kg-1 (fresh weight),which was 9.93 times as high as that in corresponding standard for safe food. Concentrations of Cd in Capsicu annuum, Solanum tuberosum,Oryza sativa and Zea mays also exceeded the maximum levels of contaminants in foods, with an exceeding rate of 20％. Among the examined crops, rice had the highest concentration of Cd, with an average of 0.446 mg· kg-1, which was 1.23 times as high as that in corresponding standard for safe food. However, concentrations of Cu and Zn in crops were lower than the standard for safe food. Bioconcentration factors(defined as the ratio of metal concentration in plant to that in soil) of Pb and Cu in Mentha arvensis, as well as Zn and Cd in Lactuca sativa, were higher than those in other crops. Generally, Pisum sativum, Vicia faba, B. oleracea var. capitata, B. oleracea var. botrytis, A llium fistulosum, C. annuum, S. officinarum, A llium schoenoprasum, Beta vulgaris var. cicla, Brassica rapa L. glabra Regel, R. sativus, Brassica oleracea var. italica,S. tuberosum and Brassicajuncea var. multisecta were suitable for planting at study site because of their low metal accumulation, but M. arvensis, O. sativa and Brassica chinensis were not. According to the results of single-factor pollution index assessment, 50％, 10％ and 20％ of the investigated crops were polluted by Pb slightly, moderately and severely, respectively, and the remaining 20％ of the crops were slightly or moderately polluted by Cd. Integrated pollution indexes of four metal elements in different crops were Pb＞Cd＞Zn＞Cu. Daily intake of Pb, Zn,Cu and Cd caused by consuming vegetables in residents were 0.204, 2.336, 0.376 mg·d-1 and 0.028 mg·d-1, accounting for 101.78％, 7.08％,5.79％ and 39.29％ of the standard for provisional tolerated daily intake(PTDI), respectively. Therefore, a potential threat posed to the local residents who consumed vegetables containing high concentrations of Pb.关键词
重金属/农作物/食品安全/健康风险Key words
heavy metal/ crop/ food safety/ health risk分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
肖青青,王宏镔,赵宾,叶志鸿..云南个旧市郊农作物重金属污染现状及健康风险[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(2):271-281,11.基金项目
云南省教育厅科学研究基金重点项目(09Z0019) （09Z0019）
国家环境保护科技项目(E-2007-06) （E-2007-06）
云南省环境保护专项项目(2007[262]) （2007[262]）
