水科学进展2011，Vol.22Issue(2)：222-228,7.DOI:CNKI:32-1309/P.20110313.2241.020
无粘性均质土石坝漫顶溃决试验研究
Experimental study on overtopping breaching of noncohesive homogeneous embankment dams
摘要
Abstract
Most experimental studies on overtopping breaching of embankment dams use small-sized sediment grains and little differences in the diameter profile of sand specimens. Aiming at the issues of sediment sizes, two distinct types of sediments are used in this experimental study. The experiment reveals that the breaching processes of two types of dams are basically identical under relatively strong erosion conditions. During the overtopping event, the down cutting phenomena are most likely observed and the backward erosion phenomena occur only near the crest of the dam. The entire breaching process can be divided into three stages. In the first stage, a headeut is formed near the lower margin of the dam crest. In the second stage, the headeut collapses and the erosion actions become violent.In the third stage, antidunes occur and the erosion actions terminate. Experiments also detect that the downstream slop of the dam has a significant effect on the breaching process. The steeper the slope is, the faster the degradation rate of the crest is and the larger the flood peak discharge is. Moreover, a flat hydrograph is produced by the embankment dam-breach flood, which contains coarse sand particles. The corresponding value of the flood peak tends to be smaller compared to that of resulting from small-sized materials. However, it is worth mentioning that a large differenee in sediment sizes will have a limited effect on the peak discharge.关键词
土石坝/水槽试验/漫顶/溃决过程分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
张大伟,黄金池,何晓燕..无粘性均质土石坝漫顶溃决试验研究[J].水科学进展,2011,22(2):222-228,7.基金项目
水利部公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目(200701015) （200701015）
