中国农业科学2011，Vol.44Issue(6)：1100-1108,9.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2011.06.004
FACE条件下O3浓度增高对小麦产量和籽粒充实的影响
Effects of Elevated Ozone Concentration on Grain Yield and Plumpness in Wheat with FACE System
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]In recent years, tropospheric (ground level) ozone concentration was growing year by year because of the development of agriculture and industry, and had generated a degree of damage on crop production.[Method]The effects of elevated ozone concentration (O3) on grain yield and its components and grain plumpness in five varieties of winter wheat (Tritcium aestivum L.) with a FACE (Free-Air Controlled Environment) system were studied in 2007-2009.The main-plot treatment had two levels of (O3): ambient level (A-O3) and 50％ higher than ambient level (E-O3), and the sub-plot treatment had five typical varieties:Yannong 19, Yangmai 16, Jiaxin 002, Yangmai 15 and Yangfumai 2.The ozone treatment was imposed upon for the period from 5 March to 26 May in 2008 and from 6 March to 24 May in 2009, respectively.[Result]The O3 elevation decreased grain yield and its components (grain weight and numbers) significantly or very significantly.Under E-O3, the average grain yield was decreased by 19.74％ (10.06％-34.53％) in two years, and 1000-grain-weight decreased by 17.88％ (10.16％-29.47％), grain number per ear decreased by 3.47％ (-1.53％-11.90％), but ear number increased by 0.95％ (-14.58％-23.74％) in different varieties, respectively.There was a significant or very significant difference among treatments, cultivars and years.The O3 elevation affected the development process of wheat grains, the grain length, width and thickness were decreased by 0％-4.16％, 7.95％-20.24％ and 2.66％-11.00％ under E-O3 condition, which led to the decrease of grain volume by 8.5％-31.5％.The O3 elevation affected grain filling process, the average grain filling rate decreased.Because of the changes of grain volume and grain weight, grain plumpness degree changed by -21.40％-3.76％, the grain shrinkage index increased by 0.23％-36.66％, respectively.[Conclusion]Under E-O3,grain yield decrease resulted mainly from the declining of grain weight which was caused by the decrease of grain filling rate and grain plumpness.关键词
小麦/FACE/O3浓度增高/籽粒产量/籽粒充实度Key words
wheat/ FACE/ elevated [O3]grain yield, grain components/ grain plumpness引用本文复制引用
朱新开,刘晓成,孙陶芳,郭文善,朱建国,冯兆忠,Kazhuhiko Kobayashi..FACE条件下O3浓度增高对小麦产量和籽粒充实的影响[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(6):1100-1108,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(30971729)、中国科技部国际科技合作计划(2009DFA31110)、中国科学院科研装备研制项目(YZ0603)、中国科学院国际合作重点项目(GJHZ0748)、日本环境厅全球环境研究基金(中日合作)(C-062)、扬州大学创新基金 （30971729）
