福建农业学报2011，Vol.26Issue(3)：432-439,8.
福建省主要蔬菜氮磷钾营养特性及其施肥指标体系研究Ⅱ.主要蔬菜氮磷钾施肥效应及其土壤养分丰缺指标
Nutrition Characteristics and Fertilization Indices of Nitrogen, Phosphor and Potassium for Major Vegetables in FujianⅡ.Vegetable's Response to Fertilizations and Garden Soil's Available NPK Fertilization Indices
摘要
Abstract
Based on the results of field experiments on the vegetables' response to N, P and K, soil fertilization indices of available N, P and K in vegetable gardens in Fujian were established. Soil fertility of the croplands was classified as high, medium and low grades according to the vegetable yield from 148 field experiments conducted in a test area. The results showed that the average contribution rate of soil nutrients to the growth of vegetables was (50. 9±12. 8)%. It decreased significantly when the soil fertility declined. A significant linear relationship existed between the yield on the control and fertilized areas. Leafy vegetables, melon, fruits, root-stock and onion-type vegetables were used in this study. Their yields increased significantly in response to the NPK fertilization. The effect of the NPK application increased significantly as the soil fertility declined. The extent and net gain from N fertilization were significantly greater than those from K, and those from K significantly greater than those from P. The value/cost ratios (VCRs) of N fertilization for leafy and onion-type vegetables were significantly higher than those of P or K. The VCRs of P for the root-stock vegetables, melon and fruits were significantly higher than those of N and P. The critical application levels of alkali-hydrolyzable N, Olsen-P and available K to achieve high yield for leafy vegetables were found to be 243 mg · Kg-1, 52 mg · Kg-1 and 150 mg · Kg-1, respectively. And those for other vegetables were 276 mg · Kg"1, 47 mg · Kg"1 and 132 mg · Kg"1, respectively. These recommended application levels were all significantly higher than for grains and oil crops. The results provided a scientific basis for soil evaluation and fertilization optimization for vegetable gardens in Fujian.关键词
蔬菜/施肥/效应/碱解氮/Olsen-P/速效钾/丰缺指标Key words
vegetables/ fertilization/ efficiency/ alkali-hydrolyzable N/ Olsen-P/available P/ fertilization index分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李娟,章明清,姚宝全,孔庆波,姚建族,张燕..福建省主要蔬菜氮磷钾营养特性及其施肥指标体系研究Ⅱ.主要蔬菜氮磷钾施肥效应及其土壤养分丰缺指标[J].福建农业学报,2011,26(3):432-439,8.基金项目
福建省科技计划项目——福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2009R10032-4) （2009R10032-4）
国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)合作项目(Fujian-09) （IPNI）
国家测土配方施肥项目(2005-2009) （2005-2009）
福建省科技厅重点项目(2008Y0023) （2008Y0023）
