中山大学学报（医学科学版）2011，Vol.32Issue(6)：786-790,5.
纵隔生殖细胞肿瘤40例的CT表现
CT Findings of Germ Cell Tumors of Mediastinum: A Report of 40 Cases
摘要
Abstract
[ObjectivejTo analyze computed tomography (CT) features of germ cell tumors of the mediastinum and to improve the diagnostic efficacy of CT for such tumor. [ Methods ] Forty patients with primary germ cell tumors of the mediastinum, and proven pathologically, were enrolled. All patients, including 24 patients with teratoma and 16 patients with non-teratomatous germ cell tumor, underwent non-enhanced and contrast-enhanced CT examinations. The CT features, including location, size, shape, edge, CT attenuation, involvement of adjacent structure and local or distant metastasis of each lesion were retrospectively analyzed.[Results] All the masses arose within the anterior mediastinum and their maximal diameter ranged from 5 cm to 16 cm (mean, 11 cm). 24 masses of patients with teratoma appeared rounded or oval and well-circumscribed, 20 of which revealed fat and calcification on non-enhanced CT images and showed light enhancement after contrast administration, the rest four masses revealed homogeneous water attenuation, and the capsule wall was thin and uniform with vaulted calcification on it. 11 and 5 masses of patients with non-teratomatous germ cell tumor appeared lobulated, ill-circumscribed and rounded or oval and well-circumscribed, respectively. 13 masses revealed heterogeneous attenuation on non-enhanced CT images with patchy low-attenuation foci whose attenuation is lightly larger than that of water and stippled calcification, and showed moderately heterogeneous enhancement after contrast administration. 3 masses of patients with seminoma revealed homogeneous attenuation and homogeneous enhancement after contrast administration. 6, 6, 10, and 3 cases of non-teratomatous germ cell tumor showed pericardial effusion, pleural effusion, involvement of adjacent vascular structures and pulmonary metastasis, respectively. [ Conclusions J The characteristic CT findings of mediastinal germ celltumors reveal bulky masses in the anterior mediastinum. CT diagnosis for teralomas is easy because of the fat and calcification in the tumors. Most of non-teratomatous germ cell tumors show ill-circumscribed, lobulated masses, heterogeneous attenuation on non-enhanced CT images and heterogeneous enhancement after contrast administration. Seminomas may show homogeneous attenuation and homogeneous enhancement after contrast administration. The non-teratomatous germ cell tumor is apt to involve pericardium, pleura and adjacent vascular structure and develop distant metastasis. The differential diagnosis between non-teratomatous germ cell tumor and thymoma, lymphoma is needed.关键词
原发纵隔肿瘤/生殖细胞肿瘤/计算机成像Key words
primary/ mediastinal neoplasm/ germ cell tumor/ computed tomography分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
田丽,谢传淼,崔春艳,刘立志,樊卫..纵隔生殖细胞肿瘤40例的CT表现[J].中山大学学报（医学科学版）,2011,32(6):786-790,5.基金项目
广东省医学科研基金(B2007069) （B2007069）
