管理工程学报2011，Vol.25Issue(4)：81-86,6.
“研究”和“开发”与专利产出的关系研究——以全球R&D投资顶尖企业为例
A Correlation Analysis of “R” and “D” investment and Patent Output
摘要
Abstract
Multinational enterprises have been relying on R&D investment in patent technologies to gain international competitiveness. There is no guarantee that R&D investment can increase the number of patent technologies as an indicator of patent output. Many factors, such as patent application restrictions, can reduce the potential effect of R&D investment on patent output. It is important to establish R&D investment structure because it can help improve patent efficiency, and thereby increasing R&D output.The goal of this paper is to develop a theory to improve our understanding of the relationship between R&D input and output structure. Two hundred and eight companies from seventeen different industries, which ranked high on R&D Scoreboard issued by the UK Ministry of Industry and Commerce for successive eight years, are used as our sample. Our data sources come from R&D investment data from 1996 to 2006 and patent data in European patent office.Our proposed regression model uses R&D as independent variable and patent application quantity as dependent variable. And OLS is utilized to estimate parameters of the model to analyze relationships between variables. We use R&D data our sampled companies' financial reports, Moreover, we employ the knowledge production function to understand how R&D investment contributes to patent output.Our quantitative analysis leads to three major findings. First, companies ranked top in the R&D Scoreboard report have high R&D investment and a large number of patent applications. However, companies in industries, such as household product, industrial engineering, and petroleum, have low correlation coefficients between R&D investment and patent application quantity. The correlation coefficient exceeds 0. 5 in other industries and reaches as high as 0. 9 in the fixed-line industry. In most industries, there is a marginal positive correlation between R&D investment and patent output. Second, the contribution of research activities to patent output exceeds that of development activities in all industries. The spillover effect coefficient of R reaches approximately 2. This indicates that one unit of research activity can contribute to two units of patent output.Third, the contribution of research activities to patent output doubles that of development activities in industries, such as mining, aviation and national defense, chemistry, household, food manufacturing, mobile communication and recreation. Nonetheless, the contribution in these industries is relatively lower than that in industries, including electronics and electrics, personal supplies, technique hardware, automobile and components. These findings show that the contribution of research activities and development activities to patent output varies with industry.The research findings lead to the development of R&D input/out structure theory. An in-depth analysis of specific industries is required. Future research should include more samples from the developing country.关键词
研发/“研究”与“开发”/专利产出效率/知识生产函数Key words
R&D/ patent output efficiency/ knowledge production function分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
陈德智..“研究”和“开发”与专利产出的关系研究——以全球R&D投资顶尖企业为例[J].管理工程学报,2011,25(4):81-86,6.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(70772066) （70772066）
