河南农业科学2011，Vol.40Issue(12)：80-83,4.
放牧和围封对干旱区草地生态系统的影响
Effects of Grazing and Enclosure on Desert Grassland Ecosystem
摘要
Abstract
The effects of enclosure on the vegetation composition and soil properties of Stipa brevi-floria community were studied in the west slope of Halawu section of the Helan Mountain,China. The results showed that 10-year enclosure increased the vegetation coverage of Stipa brevifloria community from 30% to 80%. The species of xerophyte shrub increased from 2 to 3,and the species of both annual and perennial herbs increased by 2,from 0 and 3 to 2 and 5,respectively. The species richness (1. 46) , diversity (2. 84) ,and evenness (0. 81) under the enclosure condition were significantly higher than those of the control,which were 1. 02,1. 77 and 0. 76,respectively. The Jaccard similarity index was 0. 25 between the enclosure and the control,which suggested that the species composition was significantly different. The enclosure resulted in the increase of soil organic matter,total nitrogen and sand contents at depth of 0 -20 cm from (1170 ± 360) g/kg, (580±140)g/kg and (15.0 + 2.8)% to (2 890±310)g/kg,(880±180)g/kg and (20. 3±2. 6)%,but resulted in the decrease of silt and clay contents from(69. 7±9. 6)% and(15. 3 + 4. 2)% to (67. 0 + 6. 8) % and(12. 7 + 3. 3) %. Based on these results,a conceptual model of the desert grassland ecosystem stability under grazing disturbance was developed,which indicated that the degradation process resulting from grazing and the restoration process resulting from enclosure were irreversible process. Finally, a management method of seasonal enclosure and rational use of grassland resources was proposed.关键词
非平衡态理论/植物多样性/放牧/围封/草地生态系统/土壤质地/贺兰山/草地资源管理对策Key words
Nonequilibrium theory/ Plant diversity/ Grazing/ Enclosure/ Grassland ecosystem/Soil texture/ Helan Mountain/ Method of grassland resource management分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
郑敬刚,何明珠,苏云,徐建国,李新荣..放牧和围封对干旱区草地生态系统的影响[J].河南农业科学,2011,40(12):80-83,4.基金项目
河南省高等学校青年骨干教师资助计划项日(2010GGJS-176) （2010GGJS-176）
