水产学报2011，Vol.35Issue(11)：1650-1657,8.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1231.2011.17423
大亚湾不同波浪、水深与坡度条件下车叶型人工鱼礁的安全重量
Study on safe weight of artificial reef in different water depths and bottom slopes under Daya Bay wave
摘要
Abstract
Artificial reefs ( Ars), constructed with reinforced concrete, have been deployed along many coasts to enhance fisheries aquaculture and diving tourism, protect habitats, and foster research all over the world for a few years. Though new techniques and developments were applied to Ars, unexpected problems have also occurred in deployment processes, stability, local scours, durability of materials, and design characteristics. Of these problems, the stability of Ars is a very important issue in preventing the failure of reef units due to wave and current action. It is indicated that the principal hydrographic factors to be considered in AR construction consist of installation depth,reef weight, wave height,currents, and tides. In this study, the authors analyzed stability of an cube artificial reef to determine safe weight and deployment depth at varying water depths (6 -20 m)and bottom slopes (10-1 ,30-1 ,50-1) based on wave theory. FLUENT software and physics equations were used to estimate drag coefficients and waves forces. Drag coefficients for the reef is 1.5. Deep water offshore wave conditions in Daya Bay were transformed into shallow nearshore waters representative of the artificial reef site using linear wave theory. Four wave conditions were used in this study, including typhoon wave and different return period wave (10-year, 25-year, 50-year) . The results showed that the safe weights fluctuated with water depths,increased first and then decreased when wave broke. Under typhoon wave, the maximum values of safe weights were 21.4,16.8 and 14.2 t for 3 bottom slopes,which occurred at water depths of 6,7 and 7 m respectively. When wave height and period were increased, safe weight and corresponding water depth were increasing at the same time. The maximum values of safe weights were 42.4,22.4 and 20.3 t,which occurred at water depths of 10,12 and 14 m respectively under wave of 25-year return period. Bottom slope was closely related to safe weight. When bottom slopes were investigated for the same wave parameters and depths, safe weights decreased and vice versa when slopes increased. The distinction was much more evident between a bottom slope of 10 -1 and the other bottom slopes(30-1 ,50-1). The maximum value of safe weight for 10-1 could be 2. 2 times the safe weight for 50-1 at the same water depth under wave of 25-year return period. The flat seabed is more proper for Ars deployment. It is concluded that safe weight design must take wave parameters, water depths and bottom slopes into consideration, and improper water depth or slopes might cause the failure of reef units. To prevent navigational hazards and loss of stability, the investigated reef was suggested to deploy at a water depth of 12 m or deeper with a design weight of 22.4 t in Daya Bay. The design weight and selected deployment depth can resist wave force of 25-year return period and satisfy the Ars engineering project requirement of safety.关键词
人工鱼礁/礁体重量/投放水深/海床坡度Key words
artificial reef/ reef weight/ deployment depth/ bottom slope分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
唐振朝,陈丕茂,贾晓平..大亚湾不同波浪、水深与坡度条件下车叶型人工鱼礁的安全重量[J].水产学报,2011,35(11):1650-1657,8.基金项目
国家"八六三"高技术研究发展计划(2006AA100303) （2006AA100303）
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003068) （农业）
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2007ZD03,2009TS19) （2007ZD03,2009TS19）
