植物营养与肥料学报2011，Vol.17Issue(5)：1099-1107,9.
施氮时期对超高产夏玉米产量及氮素吸收利用的影响
Effects of nitrogen application dates on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of summer maize in super-high yield conditions
摘要
Abstract
The effects of nitrogen application dates on grain yield, nitrogen translocation and use efficiency were studied under the super-high yield conditions. Denghai661 （ DH661 ） and Zhengdan958 （ ZD958 ） were selected experimental materials. The results show that the grain yield was not increased significantly under the single nitrogen application at the jointing stage, while the yields of two cultivars are increased significantly with the increase of nitrogen application times. Nitrogen application at the grain filling stage could increase weight of kernels significantly. The grain yield of DH661 is 14188.9 kg/ha, when the nitrogen fertilizers are applied at the jointing, male tetrad and grain filling stages, and the ratio is 2 ： 4 ： 4. The grain yield of ZD958 is 14529. 6 kg/ha, when the nitrogen fertilizers are applied as the base fertilizer, and at the jointing, male tetrad and grain filling stages and the ratio is 1 ： 2 ： 5 ： 2. Nitrogen accumulation amounts in the plant and grain, nitrogen harvest index, nitrogen agronomic efficiency, nitrogen recovery efficiency and nitrogen partial factor productivity are increased significantly with nitrogen application times and nitrogen application at the grain filling stage, and the active nitrogen accumulation period is prolonged. The ratio of nitrogen accumulation amounts before and after anthesis for DH661 is 51 ： 49 by supplying nitrogen at the jointing stage （20%）, male tetrad stage （40%） and grain filling stage （40%）, while the ration for ZD958 is 60 ： 40 for by supplying nitrogen at the jointing stage （30%）, male tetrad stage （50%） and grain filling stage （20%）. Nitrogen application several times before the anthesis stage could increase nitrogen translocation amount and nitrogen transloeation efficiency, and nitrogen application at the silking stage could increase the assimilated amount of nitrogen in grain after anthesis. Through supplying nitrogen at the jointing stage （20%）, male tettad stage （40%） and grain filling stage （40%）, the assimilated amount of nitrogen after anthesis is 63.0% of nitrogen aecumulation amount in grain for DH661. Through supplying nitrogen at the jointing stage （30%）, male tetrad stage （50%） and grain filling stage （20%）, the assimilated amount of nitrogen after anthesis is 50.5 % in grain for ZD958. In conclusion, under this field experiment conditions, as far as grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency are concerned, the jointing stage （20%）, male tetrad stage （40%） and grain filling stage （40%） for DH661 and base fertilizer（ 10% ）, jointing stage （20%）, male tetrad stage （50%） and grain filling stage （20%） for ZD958 are the most optimal nitrogen application stages and ratios.关键词
夏玉米/施氮时期/产量/氮素利用Key words
summer maize （Zea mays L. ）/nitrogen application date/yield/nitrogen use efficiency分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
吕鹏,张吉旺,刘伟,杨今胜,刘鹏,董树亭,李登海..施氮时期对超高产夏玉米产量及氮素吸收利用的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(5):1099-1107,9.基金项目
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目 （）
公益性行业（农业）科研专项 （）
山东省现代农业产业技术体系项目资助. （）
