水土保持学报2012，Vol.26Issue(2)：49-53,5.
江汉平原棉田地表径流氮磷养分流失规律
Regular Pattern of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Runoff Losses from Cotton Field in Jianghan Plain
摘要
Abstract
In 2008 and 2009,experimental plots under two different kinds of treatment（control and farmer＇s fertilizer practice） were conducted,and the runoff water in each plot were collected and tested,to investigate the law of runoff,the regular pattern and the influential factors of nitrogen and phosphorus losses,and to study the coefficient of fertilizer losses in Jianghan Plain.The results showed that the runoff events usually occurred in raining season from March to August,and the runoff volume increased with the rise of rainfall in the runoff producing period.The coefficient of runoff averaged at 26.0%.In the farmer＇s fertilizer practice treatment,the nitrogen losses from cotton field was 36.14 kg/hm2 in 2008 and 89.52 kg/hm2 in 2009,the phosphorus losses in these two years was 0.42 kg/hm2 and 10.07 kg/hm2,both of which were considerable different between years.The nitrate nitrogen was the most main way of nitrogen losses,which accounted for 92.8% and 64.2% of the nitrogen losses in those two years,next came the particle nitrogen,the amount of ammonium nitrogen losses was very few.The predominant losing phosphorus form was the particle phosphorus,next came the dissolved phosphorus.The amount of particle phosphorus losses increased significantly in the year with larger rainfall during the runoff production period,which accounted for more than 90% of the phosphorus losses.The coefficients of nitrogen and phosphorus losses was respectively 5.4% and 3.1%,based on the results in the two consecutive years.It was found that fertilizer,rainfall in runoff producing stage and crop cover degree were three main factors influencing nitrogen and phosphorus losses.The amount of nitrogen and phosphorus losses was improved by fertilization,and also increased with the increasing rain capacity during the runoff producing period,and the decreased crop cover degree.关键词
地表径流/氮磷流失/棉田/江汉平原Key words
runoff/nitrogen and phosphorus losses/cotton field/Jianghan Plain分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
段小丽,张富林,张继铭,范先鹏,刘冬碧,熊桂云..江汉平原棉田地表径流氮磷养分流失规律[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(2):49-53,5.基金项目
公益性行业（农业）科研专项 （）
农业部污染普查专项 （）
IPNI中国项目 （）
