作物学报2012，Vol.38Issue(1)：86-98,13.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.00086
水稻品种氮肥群体最高生产力及其增长规律
The Highest Population Productivity of Nitrogen Fertilization and Its Variation Rules in Rice Cultivars
摘要
Abstract
Based on the concept of the highest population productivity of nitrogen (N) fertilization, we carried out a field experiments with 50 early-maturing late japonica rice varieties which were the representative in the region of Yangtze River, using seven nitrogen applying levels (0, 1500, 187.5, 225.0, 262.5, 3000, 337.5 kg ha"1), to investigate the difference of the most population productivity of N fertilization in varieties. Its relationships with yield components, plant-type characteristics and nitrogen agronomic efficiency were also analyzed. The main results were as follows: (1) With the basic yield capacity of sandy loam being 6 t ha"1, optimum N levels of 50 tested varieties which were corresponding to their highest population yield converged in the range of 225-300 kg ha"1, while the highest grain yield showed significant differences, varying from 7.42 to 11.02 t ha"1. (2) There was significantly positive correlation between the highest productivity of N fertilization and the total spikelet number, with the correlation coefficient of 0.865. The top- and high-level yielding varieties had extremely significantly larger amount of population spikelets than the middle- and low-level yielding varieties, and this superiority of total spikelets was mainly due to the extremely remarkable increase of spikelets per panicle. (3) The highest productivity of N fertilizer rose as the high-efficiency leaf area and the weight per panicle increased. Compared with middle- and low-level yielding cultivars, top- and high-level yielding cultivars performed superior plant type characteristics: the plant height ranged from 105-110 cm, the width of basal internodes was circa 0.65 cm, the high-efficiency leaf area index was higher than 5, and panicles were big. (4) Generally speaking, the theoretical highest populatidn productivity of N fertilization increased with the increasing of corresponding applied N amount. Butwithin each group of similar optimum N level, various rice cultivars produced significantly different grain yields. (5) Taking into consideration of the production capacity and the nitrogen agronomic efficiency of all 50 rice varieties, six varieties with high yield and high efficiency were selected and recommended.关键词
水稻/生产力/氮肥水平Key words
Rice/ Productivity/ Nitrogen application引用本文复制引用
张洪程,魏海燕,高辉,刘艳阳,马群,杨雄,李敏,葛梦婕,李国业,戴其根,霍中洋,许轲..水稻品种氮肥群体最高生产力及其增长规律[J].作物学报,2012,38(1):86-98,13.基金项目
本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(30971732),农业部超级稻专项(02318802013231)和国家“十二五”科技支撑计划重大项目(2011BAD016B03)资助. （30971732）
