农业环境科学学报2012，Vol.31Issue(4)：706-712,7.
施氮量对太湖地区设施菜地年氮素淋失的影响
Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rates on Annual Nitrogen Leaching Loss from Protected Vegetable Production System in Tai Lake Region, China
摘要
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of nitrogen(N ) fertilizer application rates on N leaching loss from protected vegetable soil in Tai Lake region, China. Five N treatments, including Nl(no fertilizer), N5(conventional N application rate at 1 560 kg·hm-2-a"1), N2(at 40% of N5 the N rate), N3(at 60% of the N5 N rate), and N4(at 75% of the N5 N rate), were applied to a tomato, lettuce and celery rotation, a typical protected vegetable cropping system in the region. It was found that the main form of the N leached was nitrate-N, and the leaching loss increased with the N rates. The highest annual total N leaching loss at 193.6 kg·hn-2 ocurred in the N5 treatment. Compared with the N5 treatment, the N leaching loss in the N3 treatment reduced by 40%, 49% and 58%, and yield increased by 15%, 39% and 28%, in the tomato, lettuce and celery season, respectively. The leaching loss of N peaked in the open period, from July to November when the plastic cover was removed and the soil was subject to rainfall, including fallow period and early stage of lettuce. The average total N concentration in the leachate was 51.1 mg · L-1 during the open period, which was 1.7 times greater than that in the covered period. The total N leaching loss was 129.2 kg·hm-2 in the open period, which accounted for 67% of the total annual loss. Our results demonstrate that the technique of reducing N fertilizer application rate can greatly minimize the environmental risk of N loss from protected vegetable field without any negative effect on vegetable yields. The fallow period should be the most critical period for controlling the total N leaching loss.关键词
太湖地区/设施菜地/氮/淋失Key words
Tai Lake region/ protected vegetable / nitrogen/ leaching loss分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
陆扣萍,闵炬,李蒙,施卫明,谢寅峰..施氮量对太湖地区设施菜地年氮素淋失的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(4):706-712,7.基金项目
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003014-1) （农业）
国家科技重大专项“水体污染控制与治理”湖泊主题太湖项目课题:闸控入湖河流直湖港及小流域污染控制技术及工程示范(2008ZX07101-005) （2008ZX07101-005）
