中国农业科学2012，Vol.45Issue(10)：1914-1925,12.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.10.004
黑龙江省春玉米产量潜力及产量差的时空分布特征
Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Potential Yields and Yield Gaps of Spring Maize in Heilongjiang Province
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] The objectiveb of this study is to figure out the spatial-temporal characteristics of potential yield and yield gaps between different levels, and to explicit the constraints of spring maize production in the study region. [Method] The well-calibrated and validated Agricultural Production Systems Simulator Model (APSIM) on a region scale was used to assess spring maize potential yields at different levels, and spatial-temporal characteristics of potential yield and yield gaps between different levels in Heilongjiang province from 1981-2010, based on the weather, phenology, management practices and soil data. [Result] In the study area, the spatial distribution of maize potential yield was similar to sunshine hours in maize growing season, which was higher in west than in east. The potential yield of maize showed an inconsistent trend during the past 30 years. The distribution of rain-fed yield was similar to the precipitation during maize growing season, and showed a positive association with precipitation. The rain-fed yield was in the order of central > east > west. The rain-fed yield was lower and unstable in the region with lower precipitation. The rain-fed yield in 82% of the selected stations showed a decreasing trend during the past 30 years. Instability of rain-fed yield was higher than potential yield. Qiqihaer and Suihua city showed lower values of climate-soil productivity. In the past 30 years, the yield gap caused by precipitation showed an increasing tendency, indicating the aggravated risk of drought. [Conclusion] The precipitation is the key constraints factor on yield in the West of Heilongjiang province, and yield could be increased by irrigation, however precipitation is not the limiting factors on yield in Yichun, Tonghe and Mudanjiang, and yield could be increased by improving soil conditions, optimizing management practices. Yield can be increased by 16%-22% through improving the physical properties of soil under the rain-fed condition in Sanjiang Plain of the eastern Heilongjiang province.关键词
黑龙江省/春玉米/产力潜力/产量差/时空分布Key words
Heilongjiang province/ spring maize/ potential yield/ yield gap/ spatial-temporal characteristics引用本文复制引用
王静,杨晓光,吕硕,刘志娟,李克南,荀欣,刘园,王恩利..黑龙江省春玉米产量潜力及产量差的时空分布特征[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(10):1914-1925,12.基金项目
国家重点基础研究发展计划("973"计划)(2009CB118608)、国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903003)、农业部"引进国际先进农业科学技术"项目("948"项目)(2011-G9-03) （"973"计划）
