中国农业科学2012，Vol.45Issue(10)：1935-1945,11.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.10.006
降水变化对中国农作物病虫害的影响
Impacts of Precipitation Variations on Crop Diseases and Pests in China
摘要
Abstract
Based on the previous research, the existing observations of the impacts of precipitation variations on crop diseases and pests and the regularities were systematically analyzed by detecting the facts of the temporal-spatial variation of crop diseases and pests in response to the precipitation variations, and the updated understanding of the precipitation variations on crop diseases and pests were put forward. Additionally, directions for future research were suggested. Existing facts indicated that, for a certain area in a certain period, less rainfall, high temperature and drought accelerated the breeding speed and population growth of some pests. More rainfall and rainy days could be good for the distinct aggravation of some diseases, the sharp increase in immigration of pests and the aggravation of damage caused by crop diseases and pests. Rainstorms and floods could lead to the sudden increase of some diseases and significantly aggravated damage. The rainstorms could lead to sudden increases in immigration of some adults, dramatic decreases of larvae in fields. Intensive rainfall could increase the mortality of some pests in fields sharply and reduce the population density distinctly. In the high temperature and drought years, there might be outbreak of some crop diseases and pests, locusts could breed one more generation than normal. In the continuous rainy years, the occurrence boundary of some crop diseases and pests could move northward. The year with longer Meiyu period and more Meiyu rainfall was advantageous to the immigrations of rice planthoppers and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee in Jianghuai region and one more generation of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee would occur in the year with the earlier immigration. The year with stronger western Pacific subtropical high was helpful for the earlier occurrence of first immigration of pests, increasing the quantity, expanding the range and aggravating the damage. The typhoon rainstorms could contribute to the outbreak and prevalence of some diseases and sharp decreases of population density of pests in fields, while a great amount of typhoon rainfall was beneficial to pest immigration. In the E1 Nino year and the next year, crop diseases and pests might break out readily. The temporal-spatial variation and regularities of the impacts of precipitation variations on crop diseases and pests, impacts projection of occurrence and catastrophe, risk assessment and adaptive strategies are the key issues needed to be resolved in the future.关键词
气候变化/降水变化/农作物病虫害Key words
climate change/ precipitation variations/ crop diseases and pests引用本文复制引用
霍治国,李茂松,王丽,肖晶晶,黄大鹏,王春艳..降水变化对中国农作物病虫害的影响[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(10):1935-1945,11.基金项目
国家公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201006026) （气象）
