中国药房2012，Vol.23Issue(22)：2039-2044,6.DOI:10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2012.22.08
我院2001-2010年医院感染常见致病菌分布及耐药变迁分析
Distribution and Drug Resistance Vicissitude of the Common Pathogenic Bacterias in Our Hospital from 2001 to 2010
摘要
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of common pathogenic bacterias in our hospital in order to guide clinical rational use of drugs. METHODS: Microbiological examination report of samples from patients diagnosed infection were collected from laboratory section of our hospital during 2001-2010. Bacterial susceptibility test was carried out according to a unified protocol using K.-B agar tape diffusion method. RESULTS: A total of 11 942 clinical isolates were collected from 2001 to 2010, of which there were 7 289 strains of Gram negative (G‐) organisms, 2 582 strains of Gram positive (G+) cocci and 2 071 strains of fungus. The top 10 isolated pathogenic bacterias were 1 306 strains of E.coli (Eco, 10.9%), 1 275 strains of Candida albi-can (Cal, 10.7%, 61.6% of all fungus), 1 270 strains of P. aeruginosa (PA, 10.6%), 1 061 strains of K. pneumoniae (Kp), 870 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab), 678 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (SA), 418 strains of Enterobacter cloacae (Ecl), 335 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE), 311 strains of E. faecalis/E. faecium (Efa/Efm). Since 2006 PA showed a rising trend and took the top place in term of detection rate, followed by Cal, and fungus also showed ascendant trend and took the third place. The resistance rates of Eco to most sorts of antimicrobial agents were higher than Kp (except furantoin). The drug resistance of Eco to aztieonam rose from 18.8% to 74.3% and that to ceftazidime from 8.7% to 74.1%. Great importance should be paid to it. Drug resistance of Kp to most of antibacterials was maintained below 50%, it increased to different extent. Ecl were only highly sensitive to imipenem and amikacin. PA and Ab were highly resistant to ceftriaxone and cefotaxime (>90%). SA/SE were highly resistant to penicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin. The resistance rates of Efm to rifampicin, high concentration of gentamicin, cipro-floxacin, penicillin and ampicillin were significantly higher than Efa, but that to tetracycline was significantly lower than Efa. CONCLUSION : The distributions and drug resistance of clinical infection pathogenic bacteria have a certain regional characteristic in our hospital. The distribution of the pathogenic bacteria is changed by the detection rates of PA, Ab and Cal. The detection rate of G‐ (73.8%) is higher than national level. The resistance rates of G‐ strains to cefepime and ceftazidime are high, and to amikacin, gentamicin and cefotaxime are lower than other regions. The resistance rates of G+ strains to clindamycin is higher than the national leveL关键词
致病茵/分布/耐药/敏感率Key words
Pathogenic bacteria/ Distribution/ Resistance/ Sensitive rate分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
张琳,路晓钦,董志,汪曼菲..我院2001-2010年医院感染常见致病菌分布及耐药变迁分析[J].中国药房,2012,23(22):2039-2044,6.基金项目
重庆市卫生局2007年医学科研项目(07-2-213) （07-2-213）
