中国生态农业学报2012，Vol.20Issue(5)：529-535,7.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1011.2012.00529
施氮对不同品种玉米产量、氮效率的影响
Effect of nitrogen fertilization on maize yield and nitrogen efficiency of different maize varieties
摘要
Abstract
Efficient use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is essential for increased economic returns of maize and minimum potential negative effects of N on water and soil. Efforts at improving yield potential have focused on maize varieties with high N use efficiency (NUE). The effects of N fertilizer on yield and NUE were determined in a conducted field experiment in Xuchang County of Henan Province, China. A total of about 15 common maize varieties in China were used under 3 N doses (0 kg·hm 2, 120 kg·hm-1 and 240 kg·hm-2). The results showed that "Zhengdan958", "32D22", "Huayul4", "Yufeng335", "Xindan29", "Zhongkell" and "Luodan9" had the highest grain yield at 120 kg ·hm-2N dose. Also "Xianyu335", "Xundanl8", "Liyul3", "Xundan20", "Nongdal08", "NE8", "Yuhe988" and "Luoyu4" had the highest yield at 240 kg·hm-2 N treatment. Based on yield difference, 15 maize varieties were classified as high-yield varieties, medium-yield varieties and low-yield varieties. At the three N doses, "Liyul3" was identified as a high-yield variety, "Xianyu335" as a medium-yield variety, and "Yufeng335" and "Yuhe988" as low-yield varieties. Based on nitrogen efficiency (NE), 15 maize varieties were classified into 4 NE grades under medium and high nitrogen treatments. "Zhengdan958", "Xundan20", "Liyul3", "Xundanl8" and "Luodan9" were classified as double high-efficient type; and "Nongdal08", "NE8", "Yuhe988", "Yufeng335" and "Luoyu4" as double low-efficient type. Cluster analysis on yield and N efficiency showed that "Liyul3" and "Xundan20" were high-yield and high-NE varieties under medium and high N application dose; "Zhengdan958" and "Luodan9" were high-yield and high-NE varieties under medium N application dose; "Yufeng335", "Yuhe988", "NE8" and "Luoyu4" were low-yield and low-NE varieties under both medium and high N application doses; "NongdalOS" was low-yield and low-NE variety under high N application dose. Correlation analysis for grain yield and N content showed that N uptake efficiency little influenced yield. While NUE inhibited straw N accumulation, it synergized N harvest index. Path analysis indicated that yield was determined mainly by NUE and that for all the treatments, N uptake efficiency little influenced yield. NUE and grain N uptake significantly influenced yield under low N conditions, but it was true form NUE under high N conditions.关键词
玉米品种/施氮量/产量/氮效率/氮吸收效率Key words
Maize varieties, Nitrogen fertilization amount, Yield, Nitrogen efficiency, Nitrogen uptake efficiency分类
农业科学引用本文复制引用
王玲敏,叶优良,陈范骏,尚云峰..施氮对不同品种玉米产量、氮效率的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(5):529-535,7.基金项目
农业部公益性行业科研专项(201103003)和国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2009CB1186006)资助 （201103003）
