中国农业科学2012，Vol.45Issue(12)：2520-2529,10.DOI:10.3864/i.issn.0578-1752.2012.12.022
新生水土流失对汶川震区土壤水分入渗的影响
Effect on Soil Infiltration of Water and Soil Loss Made by Earthquake in Wenchuan Area
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] This paper discussed the influence on soil infiltration caused by soil and water loss in wenchuan earthquake area. [Method] On the basis of cutting ring method and stratified sampling, we studied the soil infiltration influenced by soil and water loss under four different kinds of sampling plots in caopo river watershed after earthquake. [Result] Under the impact of soil and water loss, soil bulk density, soil porosity condition and moisture holding capacity of the soil of bare land, naturally restored land and cultivated-after-earthquake land were poorer than control (the plots where weren't struck by the earthquake). Soil beginning infiltration rate, steady infiltration rate, average infiltration rate and infiltration amount in 75 min presented control > cultivated-after-earthquake land > naturally restored land > bare land. Pearson correlation analysis result showed that soil permeability showed a highly significant (P<0.01) or significant (P<0.05) positive linear correlation with non-capillary porosity and total porosity, a highly significant (P<0.01) or significant (P<0.05) negative linear correlation with bulk density, but no significant linear correlation with capillary porosity. Using the comprehensive judgment value (F) evaluated soil infiltration capability quality of different types of sample soil which recovered after earthquake, The result was presented as follows: control (1.2569) > cultivated-after-earthquake (-0.2252) > naturally restored land (-0.4578) > bare land(-0.5738). Regression analysis of model simulation indicated that general empirical model and Horton model were the optimal to describe the soil infiltration while Kostiakov model less, Philip model the least.[Conclusion]Soil and water loss influenced soil water infiltration, soil water infiltration capacity of control was the best on Wenchuan earthquake zone while soil bulk density was about 1 gem'3, soil total porosity about 50% , non-capillary porosity 20%-40%. Restoring naturally and planting vegetation which resulted in decrease in soil bulk density, increase in soil total porosity and non-capillary porosity, strengthening of the water holding capacity and improvement of the permeability can reduce the surface runoff and prevent water and soil loss effectively.关键词
草坡河小流域/汶川震区/土壤入渗/新生水土流失Key words
Caopo river watershed/ Wenchuan earthquake zone/ soil infiltration/ seismic soil and water loss引用本文复制引用
徐小军,何丙辉,胡恒,熊明彪,杨文兵,李振林..新生水土流失对汶川震区土壤水分入渗的影响[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(12):2520-2529,10.基金项目
水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项月(200901050)、西南大学资源环境学院大学生科技创新“光炯”培育项目(20110305)、西南大学生态学重点学科“211工程”三期建设项目 （200901050）
