干旱地区农业研究2012，Vol.30Issue(4)：92-96,144,6.
榆阳区农户春玉米施肥现状调查评估
Investigation and assessment of current situation of household fertilization on spring maize in Yuyang area
摘要
Abstract
In order to understand the current situation of fertilizer application and nutrients resources input problems of farmers in northern Shaanxi, we used questionnaire method to investigate 24 counties and 216 farmers on spring maize in 2011. The results showed that in 2010 spring maize yield between 9 500 ~ 11 500 kg/hm2 took up the maximal and rational ratio of 52.78% . The amount of nitrogen fertilizer on spring maize changed from 321.8 ~ 1084.3 kg/hm2, averaged 650.5 kg/hm2; The amount of phosphate fertilizer changed from 60.2~450.3 kg/hm2, averaged 244.8 kg/hm2; Potassium changed from 47.3 - 222.8 kg/hm2,averaged 134.5 kg/hm2, and it was only from organic fertilizer. For chemical N application, only 5.56% was rational, 10.65% was slightly low, 5.09% was low, 33.80% was slightly high, and 44.91% was high. For chemical P2O5 application, only 12.04% was rational, 21.30% was slightly low, 25.46% ,was low, 19.44% was slightly high, and 21.76% was high. The yield of spring maize had large significant relationship with total nutrient, nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer. The average PFP of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer were 24.38 kg/kg and 86.94 kg/kg respectively. In summary, the current situation of household fertilization on spring maize in Yuyang area included: the yield levels were greatly different and changed from 6 750 - 15 000 kg/hm2; it had also large differences in nutrient inputs and fertilizer use efficiency was very low; there were seldom fertilizer types. We suggested that measures should be taken to breed superior varieties, achieve integrated management of nutrient resources and improve the nutrient use efficiency, strengthen the promotion and application of science and technology and improve the level of farmers' cultivation, and increase the supervision and inspection of fertilizer production enterprises.关键词
榆阳区/春玉米/施肥/评价/产量Key words
Yuyang area/spring maize/fertilization/assessment/yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王小英,同延安,刘芬,赵佐平..榆阳区农户春玉米施肥现状调查评估[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(4):92-96,144,6.基金项目
公益性行业专项:西北旱作与节水农业最佳养分管理技术模式与示范(201103003) （201103003）
西北农林科技大学创新团队 （）
