果树学报2012，Vol.29Issue(4)：536-543,8.
平邑甜茶无融合生殖基因型分析及雌配子发育模式研究
Analysis of apomictic genotypes and the developmental mode of female gametes of ‘ Pingyi Tiancha＇ （Malus hupehensis var. pingyiensis ）
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] The objective of the study is to elucidate the mechanism of inheritance and development of apomixis in ＇Pingyi Tiancha＇ （Malus hupehensis var. pingyiensis）. [Method] The crosses between ‘Pingyi Tiancha＇, ‘B9＇ , ‘M27＇ and ‘M9＇ were made, the seedlings were fostered and then selected. The bagging pollination was made to identify the apomictic ratio and the flow cytometry was used to identify the ploidy of seedlings. [Result] There were 73 sexual hybrids among the 2 388 seedlings derived from 3 101 seeds. Identification of apomictic ratio showed that, among the 58 hybrids which had started bearing, 25 hybrids were 84.00% to 95.06%, 8 hybrids were 10.00% to 48.00%, and 25 hybrids were 0 to 5.00%. The results of the hybrids＇ ploidy revealed that： All of 10 tetraploids were apomictic seedlings and all of 4 diploids were sexual seedlings, the ratio of the apomictic plus the intermediate type to the sexual type was nearly 1：1 in the triploids. [Conclusion] The studies suggested the apomixis could be controlled mainly by major genes, and also could be controlled by some minor genes, We primarily considered that the genotype of amomixis of ‘Pingyi Tiancha＇ might be Aaa A represents a dominant type controlling apomixes and a represents a recessive type controlling sexual reproduction）. Most megaspores could directly developed into an embryo by a 2n=3x gamete without a meiosis process resulting in the genotype of the offsprings, the same with their mother tree. Some of the 2n gametes could combined with a male gamete and formed a 4x genotype （2n＋n=4x）. Few megaspores might segregate into two types of gametes, that is n=x and n=2x, and the apomixis gene could separate freely with the 2n gametes.关键词
平邑甜茶/无融合生殖/核基因型/雌配子发育Key words
‘Pingyi Tiancha' (Malus hupehensis var. pingyiensis )/Apomietic/Genetic trend/Gametedevelopment分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
杨锋,伊凯,吴雅琴,刘丹丹,刘志,赵玲玲..平邑甜茶无融合生殖基因型分析及雌配子发育模式研究[J].果树学报,2012,29(4):536-543,8.基金项目
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项 （）
