江西农业大学学报2012，Vol.34Issue(2)：213-219,7.
双季稻区冬季覆盖作物残茬还田对水稻生物学特性和产量的影响
Effects of Straw Recycling of Winter Covering Crop on Biological Characteristics of Plants and Yield of Rice in Paddy Field
摘要
Abstract
To learn the biological characteristics of plants and yield traits of rice in paddy fields with different double rice cropping patterns will significantly benefit the exploitation of winter fallow paddy with covering crops and the assessment of rice cropping patterns. Therefore, the effects of straw recycling of winter covering crops on biological characteristics of plants and yield traits of rice in paddy fields were studied. The field experiments were conducted with plot field trial. The treatments included ryegrass with no-tillage and double rice cropping ( T1 ) , Chinese milk vetch with no-tillage and double rice cropping ( T2 ) , rape seed with no-tillage and double rice cropping (T3) , potato with straw mulching and no-tillage and double rice cropping (T4) and fallow and double rice cropping ( CK). The results showed that straw recycling of winter covering crops significantly increased the dry weight of root, stem and leaves of plant both during the early and later rice growing seasons compared with the CK. The T2 treatment had the largest dry weight of panicle during the early rice heading stage and mature stage, while the T4 treatment had the largest dry weight of panicle during the later rice heading stage and mature stage. Compared with the control, the number of effective tillers of early rice with T1 , T2, T3 and T4 increased by 31.45 × l04/hm2, 37.30 × 104/hm2, 15.25 x l04/hm2 and 28.60 × 104/hm2 , seed setting rate increased by 4. 83% , 12. 29% , 11. 35% and 8. 39% , 1 000 - grain weight increased by 0. 87, 0. 31, 0. 54 and 0. 93 g, respectively. Therefore the grain yields of early rice increased by 420.70 kg/hm2, 424.72 kg/hm2, 282.76 kg/hm2 and 317.25 kg/hm2, respectively. The number of effective tillers of later rice with T1 , T2, T3 and T4 increased by 30. 20 × l04/hm2, 33. 55 × 104/hm2, 13. 45 × l04/hm2 and 36. 90 × l04/hm2, seed setting rate increased by 2.38% , 5.03% , 1. 56% and 6.05% , 1 000 -grain weight increased by 0.63, 0.72, 0. 38 and 0.78 g, respectively. Therefore the grain yields of later rice increased by 248. 28 kg/hm2, 427. 60 kg/hm2, 179. 32 kg/hm2 and 455. 18 kg/hm2, respectively. As a whole, straw recycling of winter covering crops will significantly promote the growth and development and dry matter accumulation of rice under double rice cropping systems, and thereby improve yield and yield components of rice.关键词
冬季覆盖作物/双季稻/残茬还田/生物学特性/产量Key words
winter cover crop/ double rice cropping/ straw recycling/ biological characteristics/ grain yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
唐海明,汤文光,肖小平,杨光立..双季稻区冬季覆盖作物残茬还田对水稻生物学特性和产量的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2012,34(2):213-219,7.基金项目
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103001)和国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目(2008BAD95B02) （农业）
