农业环境科学学报2012，Vol.31Issue(8)：1544-1553,10.
云南坡耕地红壤地表径流氮磷流失特征定位监测
The Monitoring of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss by Surface Runoff in Sloping Red Soil Fields of Yunan Province, China
摘要
Abstract
The field plot experiment was carried out to monitor the surface runoff and the loss of N and P under different agronomic measures in a piece of typical southern red-soil-sloping land at Jiuxian Town, Qujing City, Yunnan Province from 2008 to 2010. The results showed that the dry and wet season was well marked and three-year average rainfall in the test area was 838.6 mm, mainly occurred from May to October. There was a significant correlation between the rainfall and the amount and time of nutrients loss by soil runoff; and an extremely significant exponential correlation between the nitrogen loss, phosphorus loss and runoff amount under conventional fertilization treatment, the correlation coefficients were R=0.897 4** and R=0.529 7** separately. Among all treatments, the amount of surface runoff and the loss of N and P was the greatest under non-fertilization. Other treatments, such as optimizing fertilization, covered film opening, slope ridge and straw mulching, significantly reduced the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus by runoff. Especially cross-slope ridge planting decreased the amount of loss by two-thirds than that of longitudinal ridge. There were no significant differences in various forms of N and P content among the different treatments. It means that nitrogen and phosphorus loss , affected by different agronomic measure ,were largely depend on the amount of surface runoff. The paniculate N and P were the dominate forms in the total loss of N and P by runoff, in which the annual average percentage of TDN / TN was 24.58% and TDP/TP was 7%.The TN loss was about three times than that of the TP. The proportion of soluble nitrogen and phosphorus increased in the conditions of optimize fertilization and removing mulching film, and reduced under cross-slop ridge and straw mulch treatments. In the loss of soluble N, the annual average percentage of NO3-N/TN and NH3-N/TN were 8.41% and 12.65% separately, but the loss of NH3-N was less than NO3-N both in 2009 and 2010. Therefore, the forms of nitrogen loss were affected by many factors in surface runoff on sloping land, the study results uncertainty at present, and the difference larger between inter-annual, still needed to be studied further.关键词
坡耕地/红壤/地表径流/氮磷流失Key words
sloping land/ red soil/ surface runoff/ nitrogen and phosphorus loss分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
鲁耀,胡万里,雷宝坤,段宗颜,刘宏斌,翟丽梅..云南坡耕地红壤地表径流氮磷流失特征定位监测[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(8):1544-1553,10.基金项目
公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(201003014-6) （农业）
