作物学报2012，Vol.38Issue(5)：829-839,11.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.00829
水稻核心种质表型性状遗传多样性分析及综合评价
Analysis on Genetic Diversity of Phenotypic Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa) Core Collection and Its Comprehensive Assessment
摘要
Abstract
Germplasm resources are fundamental in rice breeding and dissecting complex traits. Assessment of genetic diversity benefits the identification of optimal parental combinations to produce segregating offspring with maximum genetic variability, and facilitates the introgression of favorable genes from various germplasm into commercial cultivars. The USDA rice core collection (USDA-RCC) (1 579 rice accessions originated from six continents), was analyzed with 14 phenotypic traits to assess diversity and phenotypically superior rice germplasm. The main results were summarized as follows: (1) Genetic distance of the germplasm from Asia and Africa to that of Oceania was larger. Rice germplasm from Asia, Africa and Oceania had accordingly greater phenotypic and genetic diversities, and genetic diversity of different traits was different among continents. Six traits including kernel length/width (KLW), alkali spreading value (ASC), plant height (PH), kernel width (KW), 1000-kernel weight (TKW) and amylose content (AC) had greater genetic diversity. (2) Comprehensive assessment of phenotypic traits was conducted using principal component analysis (PCA) and step regression analysis, demonstrating that the accession PI 392768 from Vietnam had the best comprehensive traits while the accession PI 281760 performed the worst comprehensive traits; AC, HD, PH, lodging, BRC, and HC would be suitable as comprehensive criteria for assessing USDA-RCC germplasm. We suggest these rice germplasm possessing great phenotypic diversity should be widely utilized in breeding programs, moreover, these rice germplasm with farther genetic distance and different comprehensive traits should be appropriately considered for the parental selection.关键词
核心种质/表型性状/遗传多样性/主成分分析/综合评价Key words
Core collection/ Phenotypic traits/ Genetic diversity/ Principal component analysis/ Comprehensive assessment引用本文复制引用
胡标林,万勇,李霞,雷建国,罗向东,严文贵,谢建坤..水稻核心种质表型性状遗传多样性分析及综合评价[J].作物学报,2012,38(5):829-839,11.基金项目
本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(30960189),国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103007),江西省自然科学基金项目(20114BAB204008)和江西省农业科学院创新基金项目(2010CQN008)资助. （30960189）
