中国生态农业学报2012，Vol.20Issue(10)：1310-1314,5.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1011.2012.01310
冬季咸水结冰灌溉下滨海重盐碱地土壤水盐动态及对棉花出苗和产量的影响
Effect of frozen saline water irrigation in winter on soil salt and water dynamics,germination and yield of cotton in coastal soils
摘要
Abstract
A three-year field experiment was conducted to investigate soil water and salt dynamics, cotton emergence, seedling salt content and cotton seed yield in coastal soils (Xiaoshan, Haixing County of Hebei Province) under frozen saline water irrigation in winter. The irrigation water salinity and volume were 8.15~14.27 g·L-1, and 180 mm, respectively. After saline ice melt-water infiltration in spring, the soil was mulched with plastic film to prevent further soil salinization via evaporation. The results showed that soil salt and water contents at sowing in 2009, 2010 and 2011 were respectively 0.32%, 0.29% and 0.17% and 26.2%, 25.0% and 24.2% under saline ice water irrigation. This implied that longer saline ice water irrigation had better soil desalination effect, providing suitable soil water and salt conditions for cotton growth. While cotton germination rate was above 85% under saline ice water irrigation treatment, few cotton seeds emerged under the control treatment (no irrigation and no mulching) due to high soil salinity. Seedling sodium content decreased by 57.6%~64.5% under saline ice water irrigation but potassium and calcium contents remained higher than the control. This prevented mono-ion problems in cotton plants, which further enhanced normal metabolism in cotton plant tissues. Salt content of the topsoil decreased further with the arrival of rainfall, which further ensured normal cotton growth. Overall, cotton seed yield reached 2 643.8~3 607.7 kg·hm-2 with that of the succeeding year higher than preceding year. The above findings showed that frozen saline water irrigation in winter improved cotton growth in coastal soils in north China.关键词
重盐碱地/咸水结冰灌溉/地膜覆盖/土壤盐分/棉花产量Key words
Saline soil, Frozen saline water irrigation, Plastic film mulching, Soil salt content, Cotton seed yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张秀梅,郭凯,谢志霞,封晓辉,刘小京..冬季咸水结冰灌溉下滨海重盐碱地土壤水盐动态及对棉花出苗和产量的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(10):1310-1314,5.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划课题(2009BADA3B04)、公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(200903001)、中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX2-YW-447)和国家自然科学基金项目(51179188,31101096)资助 （2009BADA3B04）
