中国水产科学2012，Vol.19Issue(5)：854-862,9.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1118.2012.00854
牛山湖小型鱼类群落结构特征及生物量估算
Characteristics of community structure and biomass estimates of small-size fishes in Niushan Lake, Hubei Province, China
摘要
Abstract
Small-size fishes that have a short lifespan and high growth rate are important members of aquatic communities. Despite having relatively low commercial value, they often serve as forage fish for more commercially important species. Furthermore, small fish species are potentially key determinants of aquatic ecosystems. We evaluated the species composition, density, and biomass of small-size fishes in Niushan Lake, a typical shallow macrophytic lake along the middle reach of the Yangtze River. Based on macrophyte cover conditions, the lake was divided into three major habitat types: Potamogeton maackicmus and Myriophyllum spicatum habitat (HI), P. maackianus habitat (H2), and uncovered/M spicatum habitat (H3). Fish were sampled quantitatively in the three types of habitat using block nets that were placed seasonally between September 2002 and August 2003. We captured a total of 12 636 individuals comprising 27 fish species, among which 20 species were classified as small-size fishes. The total length of these small-size fishes ranged from 19 to 239 mm. Based on an index of relative importance (IRI), Rhodeus ocllatus, Cultrichthys erythropterus, Paracheilognathus imberbis, Pseudorasbora parva, Micropercops swinhonis, Toxabramis swinhonis, Acheilognathus chankaensis, and Rhinogobius giurinus were the dominant small fish species, collectively accounting for 91.1% of the total catch. The Zippin's removal method was used to estimate density and biomass of the eight dominant small-size fishes in each season and throughout the whole year. We observed seasonal variation in the calculated density and biomass. For the entire year, average total density and average total biomass of the eight dominant small-size fishes were 3.992 ind/(m2year) and 6.073 g/(m2-year), respectively. Our results provide baseline information that is essential to the long-term monitoring of small-size fish communities in the shallow lakes in the Yangtze River basin. We suggest that targeted stocking of piscivorous fishes (e.g., mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi and redtail culter Culler mongo-licus) and optimization of the fish community structure may provide means to exploit and utilize small-size fish resources in the Yangtze lakes.关键词
小型鱼类/群落结构/种群丰度/围网/长江流域浅水湖泊Key words
small-sized fish/ community structure/ population abundance/ block nets/ shallow lakes in the Yangtze River basin分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
叶少文,冯广朋,张彬,陈宇顺,李钟杰..牛山湖小型鱼类群落结构特征及生物量估算[J].中国水产科学,2012,19(5):854-862,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(30900182,30830025) （30900182,30830025）
淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室开放课题(2005FB02). （2005FB02）
