干旱地区农业研究2013，Vol.31Issue(1)：20-26,7.
不同耕作模式对旱地小麦旗叶光合特性及产量的影响
Effects of different tillage patterns on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of dryland wheat
摘要
Abstract
The SPAD value, photosynthetic characteristics, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of wheat flag leaf after flowering stage were studied in a 2-year located experiment in semi-arid areas of southern Ningxia Autonomous Region using five tillage practices of successive no-tillage (NT), successive subsoiling (ST), subsoiling/no-tillage(ST/ NT), no-tillage/subsoiling (NT/ST), and conventional tillage (CT). The results showed that the chlorophyll relative content under ST, NT/ST, ST/NT and NT were 32.2% , 27.4% , 13.5% , and 11% higher than CT, respectively, from flowering to filling stage. Compared with CT, the flag leaf daily average photosynthesis rate (Pn) of different tillage treatments increased by 1.6, 1.2, 0.9, and 0.6 μmol·m-2·s-1(P〈0.05) , and the transpiration rate ( Tr) increased by 1.2, 0.9, 0.7, and 0.3 mmol·m-2·s-1(p〈 0.05) . The water use efficiency of flag leaf uder ST and NT/ST was significantly higher than that of CT. In the flowering and filling stages, compared with CT, the values of Fv/Fm, Fv/ Fo, ψPS Ⅱ , qP and qN increased and the photoinhibition degree decreased for the ST, NT/ST, ST/NT and NT treatments. Grain yields increased by 42.1% , 35.3% , 30.3% and 23.5% under the NT/ST, ST, ST/NT, and NT treatments. The WUE based on crop yield increased by 51.3% , 37.8% , 19.9% and 14.6% respectively, compared with the CT. The continuous no-tillage, subsoiling, and two rotation tillage practices could improve the crop transpiration efficiency with limited rainfall in dryland, and reduce invalid evaporation of soil moisture. Eventually, the grain yield and WUE of the ST and NT/ST treatments were significantly improved.关键词
宁南旱区/耕作模式/冬小麦/叶绿素荧光参数/产量Key words
semiarid areas in southern of Ningxia/ tillage practice/ winter wheat/ chlorophyll fluorescence parameters/ yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王维,韩清芳,吕丽霞,侯贤清,张鹏,贾志宽,丁瑞霞,聂俊峰..不同耕作模式对旱地小麦旗叶光合特性及产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(1):20-26,7.基金项目
"十一五"国家科技支撑课题(2006BAD29B03) （2006BAD29B03）
"十二五"国家科技支撑课题(2012BAD09B03) （2012BAD09B03）
