华北农学报2012，Vol.27Issue(z1)：298-303,6.
京郊设施果类蔬菜土肥水管理现状及技术需求
The Status and Technique Requirement of Soil Fertilization and Irrigation for Fruit Vegetable in Greenhouse
摘要
Abstract
Vegetable planting with intensive degree developed very fast in recent years. Investigation was conducted to explore the status of soil, water and fertilizer of greenhouse fruit vegetables in Beijing suburb. The result showed that excessive inputs of irrigation and fertilization,the unbalanced ratio of nutrient of N,P,K. The irrigation rate of fruit vegetable are 7 500 to 10 500 m3/ha for farmers. The fertilization rate of tomato was at 1 206 kg N,504 kg P2O5,782 kg K2O and 1 426 kg N,735 kg P2O5,1 101 kg K2O for cucumber,1 298 kg N,599 kg P2O5,915 kg K2O for pepper and 1 255 kg N, 63 lkg P2O5,958 kg K2O for eggplant per hectare respectively. The selection of fertilizer type could not be paid attention and fertigation technique was not widespread used. The 62% of the organic fertilizer was bought from breeding factory directly and was composted with conventional method by partly farmers. And more than 50% farmers didn't know how to select the fertilizer. The ratio of 68% and 26% fanners fertilized and irrigated with conditional methods,for example furrow irrigation. Heavy continuous obstacles were observed by farmers as soil compaction, soil acidification, and soil secondary salinization were common due to excessive irrigation and fertilization management and continuous single crop for fruit vegetable. The knot-nematode was the most severe obstacle with the ratio of 29% of greenhouses, but only 11% of the greenhouse was healthy without obstacles. The lack of effective technique was the serve reason for continuous obstacles. So the synthesize technique was urgent to optimal fertilization, irrigation and soil quality improvement. At the same time the effective technique demonstration and dissimilation mode and management mechanism were very important and urgent on the small scale farms in China关键词
设施果类蔬菜/土壤管理/施肥/灌溉/现状Key words
Greenhouse fruit vegetable/ Soil management/ Fertilization/ Irrigation/ Status分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王丽英,赵小翠,曲明山,袁会敏,陈清,赵永志,王克武..京郊设施果类蔬菜土肥水管理现状及技术需求[J].华北农学报,2012,27(z1):298-303,6.基金项目
现代农业产业技术体系果类蔬菜北京市创新团队土肥水岗位科学家项目 （）
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200803030) （农业）
