摘要
Abstract
Objective To investigate the distribution of Haemophilus influenza ( Hi ) in affected children in Haikou area and its antimicrobial resistance so as to provide evidence for clinically reasonable use of antibiotics. Methods A total of 158 strains of Hi were identified from 2 730 specimens of hospitalized children in Haikou area from 2010 to 2011, Nitrocefin discs test was performed for the detection of p - Lactamase, and Kirbry - Bauer ( K - B ) method was taken for the antibiotic sensitivity test. The results were analyzed according to the CLSI - 2010 standard, and the WHONET 5. 6 software was applied for analysis of antimicrobial resistance. Results Of the 158 strains of Hi, 125 strains ( 79. 1% ) were isolated from sputum specimen, 18 strains (11. 4% ) from throat swab specimen, 5 strains ( 3. 2% ) from cerebrospinal fluid, 4 strains ( 2. 5% ) from blood culture , and 6 strains ( 3. 8% ) from the other specimen. The positivity rate of p - lactamase was 9. 5% ( 15/158 ). The rate of resistance against Ampicillin was 10. 8% ( 17/158 ). All the p - lactamase - producing strains resisted to Ampicillin, but only two of the non - p - lactamase - producing strains did so, with a significant difference ( x2 = 0. 15 , P > 0. 05 ). The antimicrobial resistance rate of Hi was 74. 1% to Sulfamethoxazole Compound, and about 10% to other antibiotics. Conclusion The detection rate of Hi is the highest in respiratory tract specimen, Sulfamethoxazole Compound can no longer be applied for Hi infection. However, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid, Cefuroxime, Ceftazidime, Levofloxacin, and Azithromyxin have a high antimicrobial activity against Hi, so that they can be chosen as the initial drugs clinically.关键词
流感嗜血杆菌/β-内酰胺酶/耐药性Key words
Haemophilus influenzae/ p - Lactamase/ Antimicrobial resistance分类
医药卫生
