摘要
Abstract
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of traumatic epidural hematoma ( EDH ) in young patients under 23 years. Methods 196 EDH patients from 0 to 23 years old admitted to our hospital from January 2005 to December 2011 were divided into three groups by age: infants and children group ( 0 to 11 years old ) 49 cases, teenagers group ( 12 to 17 years old ) 40 cases and youth group ( 18 to 23 years old ) 107 cases. Sex composition, injury causes, injury sites, injury severity ( GCS and ISS ), different types of EDH, fracture of skull, operation and prognosis of the 196 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results ( 1 ) Sex composition, injury causes and injury sites between the three groups showed statistically significant differences ( P <0. 01 ), but GCS and ISS showed no statistically significant difference ( P >0. 05 ). ( 2 ) Among the 196 cases, 85 of them were small EDH ( 43. 4% ), 61 of them were large EDH ( 31. 1% ), 41 of them were EDH combined with other intracranial injuries ( 20. 9% ), 6 of them were without further information ( 3. 1% ) and 3 of them were bilateral EDH ( 1. 5% ) . The composition of EDH types between the three groups showed no statistically significant difference ( P >0. 05 ) . ( 3 ) Among the 196 cases, 145 cases ( 74. 0% ) had skull fracture, 86 cases ( 59. 3% ) had fracture of skull vault, 40 cases ( 27. 6% ) had fracture of skull base, 19 cases ( 13. 1% ) had fractures of skull vault and skull base and 51 cases ( 26. 0% ) had no skull fracture. The difference of skull fractures between the three groups was statistically significant ( P <0. 01 ). (4) Among the 196 cases, 62 cases ( 31. 6% ) were given operation treatment, 14 ( 28. 6% ) of which were in infants and children group, 12 ( 30. 0% ) of which were in teenagers group and 36 (33. 6% ) of which were in youths group. The difference of operation rate between the three groups was not statistically significant (x2 =0. 462, P = 0. 794 ) . ( 5 ) Among the 196 cases, 9 cases ( 4. 6% ) were died, 3 ( 6. 1 % ) of which were in infants and children group ,2(5. 0% ) of which were in teenagers group, 4 ( 3. 7% ) of which were in youths group. The difference of prognosis between the three groups was not statistically significant (x2 =0. 455, P = 0. 796 ) . Conclusion The most frequent cause and injury sites are fall and at home in the infants and children group, traffic accident and on the street in the teenager group and youth group. Violence injury is frequent in the youth group. It is suggested that this group of people should be given security and legal education to prevent EDH.关键词
血肿,硬膜外,颅内/创伤和损伤/颅骨骨折Key words
Hematoma, epidural, cranial/ Wounds and injuries/ Skull fractures分类
医药卫生
