地质通报2013，Vol.32Issue(1)：19-30,12.
青藏高原上新世构造岩相古地理
Pliocene tectonics and lithofacies paleogeography of the Tibetan Plateau
摘要
Abstract
Based on the data obtained from 1:250 000 geological mapping conducted by China Geological Survey in 1996-2008 and available data concerning the Pliocene strata, the authors recognized 95 remnant basins in the Tibetan Plateau and its adjacent areas. In this study, the Pliocene tectonic evolution and lithofacies paleogeography of Tibetan Plateau has been discussed. The continuous collision between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate along the Brahmaputra suture zone controlled the overall tectonic geomorphology of the Tibetan Plateau in the Pliocene and extensively affected the tectonic uplift. The Kunlun Mountains and Qilian Mountain to the northeast were two tectonic uplift erosion source areas, which sandwiched the Qaidam basin from the south and the north respectively. The Qaidam basin is the largest interior basin in northeastern Tibetan Plateau. The northern and eastern areas of the Qilian Mountain were characterized by the alternate range-basin pattern, which received denudation materials from surrounding mountains. Further strong uplift in the late Pliocene (called Episode A of the Qinghai-Tibet Movement) changed these intermontane basins into erosional regions. The Tarim basin in Xinjiang and Qiangtang and Hoh Xil in northern Tibet constituted an extensive tectonic sag basin-blunt flood plain deposition region. Southeastern Tibet was composed mainly of pull -apart basins caused by a series of strike -slip faults, which accumulated flood alluvial conglomerates in the early Pliocene and lacustrine and delta deposits in the middle Pliocene. Flood alluvial conglomerates were deposited again in the late Pliocene due to the further uplift of the mountains. Some nearly NS -trending rift basins were developed in the southern part of the Tibetan Plateau in response to a certain degree of plateau collapse. Sedimentary facies of these basins were divided into three stages from early to late Pliocene, similar to those of southeastern Tibetan Plateau. The Ganges area deposited coarse clastic sediments due to the Pliocene rapid uplift of the Himalaya and formed long and narrow Siwalik Group. The general topography of the Tibetan Plateau in the Pliocene inherited the Miocene topography but was higher in the east and the south and lower in the east and the north, with the height difference obviously increasing relative to the Miocene.关键词
青藏高原/上新世/构造岩相古地理/盆地Key words
Tibetan Plateau/ Pliocene/ tectonics and lithofacies paleogeography/ basin分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
季军良,江尚松,张克信,陈奋宁,王国灿,杨永锋,骆满生..青藏高原上新世构造岩相古地理[J].地质通报,2013,32(1):19-30,12.基金项目
中国地质调查局项目《全国重要矿产成矿地质背景研究》(编号:1212010733802)、《青藏高原新近纪隆升过程与地质事件群研究》(编号:1212011121261)、国家自然科学基金项目《准噶尔盆地南缘安集海河剖面第三系磁性地层学研究及其对天山新生代构造隆升的年代学制约》(批准号:40902049)、《重大地质突变期生物与环境协同演化》(批准号:40921062)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目《亚洲内陆渐新世—中新世气候变化的粘土矿物记录》(编号:CUGL09206) （编号:1212010733802）
