应用生态学报2012，Vol.23Issue(3)：731-738,8.
洛川苹果园土壤水分变化特征
Variation characteristics of soil moisture in apple orchards of Luochuan County, Shaanxi Province of Northwest China
摘要
Abstract
To have an overall understanding on the soil moisture characteristics in the apple orchards of Luochuan County can not only provide theoretical basis for selecting apple orchard sites, choosing the best root-stock combination, and improving the soil water management, but also has reference importance in increasing the productive efficiency of our apple orchards. In this study, a fixed-point continuous monitoring was conducted on the overall soil moisture environment and the variation characteristics of soil moisture in the County apple orchards differed in age class, stand type, and tree type ( standard or dwarfed). For the apple orchards in the County, the rhizosphere (0-200 cm) soils of most apple trees were water-deficient, and the deficit in 0-60 cm soil layer was less than that in 60-200 cm layer. During growth season, the water storage in 0-60 cm soil layer had the same variation trend as the rainfall pattern. The relative soil moisture content in most orchards was less than 60% , and seasonal drought was quite severe. The coefficient of variation of soil moisture content decreased with soil depth. With the increasing age of the orchards, soil water storage decreased. At the same planting density, the orchards with dwarfed trees had more water storage in 0-5 m soil layer than the orchards with standard trees. However, when the orchards were planted with dwarfed trees at a higher density, the soil water storage in the orchards with dwarfed trees was lesser than that in the standard orchards. The mature orchards on highland had the highest soil moisture content, followed by the mature orchards on flat land, and on terraced land. Tree density had great effects on the soil moisture content. When the tree density was the same, planting dwarfed trees could decrease the water consumption, and increase the soil moisture content significantly. To decrease the planting density through the removal of trees would be an effective way to maintain the soil water balance of apple orchards, and achieve the sustainable development of the orchards.关键词
洛川县/苹果/土壤水分Key words
Luochuan County/ apple/ soil moisture分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王延平,韩明玉,张林森,党永建,屈军涛..洛川苹果园土壤水分变化特征[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(3):731-738,8.基金项目
农业部现代苹果产业技术体系项目(CARS-28)、陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2011KTZB02-02-05)、陕西省科技创新项目(2011NXC01-03)、陕西省科技攻关项目(2009K01-19)和西北农林科技大学科研专项资助. （CARS-28）
