中国人口·资源与环境2013，Vol.23Issue(4)：96-103,8.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-2104.2013.04.017
环境移民:概念辨析、理论基础及政策含义
Environmental Migration: Concepts, Theories and Policy Implications
摘要
Abstract
Environmental migration has been an emerging issue under changing climate and environment; however, understanding for environmental-induced migration has not been in conformity. With a literature review of environmental and migration, this paper defined environmental migration as population movement or displacement which are compelled by sudden or progressive change in the human physical and natural physical environment that adversely affects human lives or living conditions. This paper also indicated that environmental migration encompassed related concepts such as ecological migration and climate migration. Climate migration is population movement and displacement compelled by sudden or progressive climate change impacts, while ecological migration is human resettlement that takes ecological conservation as the first priority. In China, research interest in environmental migration has focused in western areas, with diverse objectives such as ecological conservation, economic development and poverty alleviation. This paper argued that environmental migration is a typical problem encompassing human-natural resources-environmental and sustainable development in human ecological system. Considering complexity of this issue, it is imperative to build an analytical framework which mainly base on ecological carrying capacity and migration. Consequently, this paper identified several common theoretical backgrounds on these concepts, such as resource scarcity theory, ecological and environmental carrying capacity theory, sustainable development theory, population and migration theory, and so on. Finally, this paper made policy recommendations as follows; population planning should be based on scenarios of climate carrying capacity and social economic development; migration policy should be integrated into national and local adaptation strategy and sustainable development; participation of migrants groups should be strengthened in decision making process; equity and efficiency issues should be paid more attention in policy making; international cooperation and experience sharing should be improved, and so on.关键词
环境移民/气候移民/生态移民/可持续发展/气候变化Key words
environmental migration/ climate migration/ ecological migration/ sustainable development/ climate change分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
郑艳..环境移民:概念辨析、理论基础及政策含义[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(4):96-103,8.基金项目
中-英-瑞士"中国适应气候变化项目(ACCC)" （ACCC）
IRDR-CHINA青年科学家研究项目联合资助. （）
