中国心理卫生杂志2013，Vol.27Issue(6)：406-411,6.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2013.06.002
注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的内隐视觉空间注意特点
Covert visual spatial attention in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
摘要
Abstract
Objective:To investigate the characteristic of bottom-up and top-down visual spatial attention in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods:Twenty-five drug-naive children with ADHD meeting the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition (DSM-Ⅳ) and 18 age-and gender-matched normal children were recruited.They performed the pop-out and cue-target visual search task which were designed to test the covert reflexive attention and covert effortful attention respectively.The differences in reaction times (RT),accuracy rates and intra-individual standard deviation of RT (ISD) between the two groups were compared.Results:In pop-out visual search task,children with ADHD [(637.4 ± 132.0) ms vs.(626.3 ± 125.0) ms] and normal controls [(635.5 ± 131.1) ms vs.(626.6 ± 138.5) ms] both had longer RT to left visual field (RVF) target than to right visual field (LVF) target (Ps ＜0.05),while no differences were found between the two groups.The normal children had lower accuracy rates to LVF target than RVF target [(92.3 ± 9.4) ％ vs.(94.5 ± 8.1) ％,P ＜ 0.01],while no differences were found between LVF target and RVF target in children with ADHD [(91.9 ±7.4)％ vs.(90.7 ±7.5)％,P ＞0.05].The ISD was higher in children with ADHD than in normal children [(185.4 ±48.0) ms vs.(137.5 ±36.7) ms,P =0.001].In cue-target visual search task,both children with ADHD and normal children had shorter RT to RVF target than LVF target [ADHD group,(629.1 ±83.1) ms vs.(641.1 ±94.2) ms,P ＜0.05] ; normal control group,[(614.9 ± 133.1) ms vs.(626.3 ±128.6) ms,P ＜ 0.05] and shorter RT to validly cued target than invalidly cued target[ADHD group,(627.6 ±89.4) ms vs.(654.3 ± 84.6) ms,P ＜ 0.01; normal control group,(615.4 ± 132.5) ms vs.(627.3 ± 127.5) ms,P ＜ 0.01].There were no differences in RT and accuracy rates between the two groups.The ISD was higher in children with ADHD than in normal children [(200.1 ±46.8) ms vs.(147.8 ± 32.8) ms,P ＜0.01].Conclusion:It suggests that the attention state may be unstable and fluctuation significantly increases in children with ADHD compared with normal children.It may be difficult for ADHD children to maintain attention in completing covert reflexive and effortful visual spatial attention.关键词
注意缺陷多动障碍/内隐空间注意/个体内变异性/行为学研究Key words
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder/covert spatial attention/intra-individual variability/behavioral studies分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
王恩聪,黄京,孙黎,宋艳,吴占良,何华,陈进,曹庆久,赵希希..注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的内隐视觉空间注意特点[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2013,27(6):406-411,6.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(30970802,81000593,81020108022,81071109),"十一五"国家科技支撑计划资助(2007BAI17B03) （30970802,81000593,81020108022,81071109）
