中国农业科学2013，Vol.46Issue(10)：1994-2003,10.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.10.004
套作糯玉米对连作菜田土壤特性及产量的影响
Effects of Intercropping with Waxy Maize on Crop Yield and Soil Properties of the Continuous Vegetable Field
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] The effects of soil properties and vegetable yield under different intercropping pattern treatments of waxy maize and maize straw returning were studied.Continuous cropping was used as a contrast.The aim was to supply academic base for solving continuous cropping obstacle and summer fallow problems in vegetable field.[Method] Broccoli,green sword bean and waxy maize were used as materials,and three treatments were set up.There were relay-intercropping mode of green sword bean and waxy maize,relay-intercropping mode of green sword bean and waxy maize with waxy maize straw returning,broccoli,green sword bean continuous cropping.The soil samples were used for chemical analysis after natural drying.Soil organic matter content,soil NH4+-N content,soil NO3-N content,the activity of urease,the activity of soil polyphenol oxidase and the activity of soil catalase were analyzed.At harvest period,the yields of broccoli,green sword bean and waxy maize were determined.[Result]In the year 2010,the autumn vegetable yield of the relay-intercropping treatment was the highest,the autumn vegetable yield of the continuous cropping was the lowest.The principle was in agreement with the autumn vegetable yield of 2011.The results showed that soil organic matter content and soil urease activity were significantly increased under relay intercropping treatments and waxy maize straw returning treatment by using nutrients reasonably,compared with the vegetable continuous cropping.Intercropping or relay cropping decreased the inorganic nitrogen concentration,and increased the inorganic N utilizing rate in vegetable fields compared with sole cropping.Relay intercropping and waxy maize straw returning mode promoted microorganism propagation and made the soil urease activity at the high level.Vegetable continuous cropping caused soil nutrient over consumption and decreased the activity of urease.As more toxic substances from the root was released to the soil,this phenomenon made that the activity of soil polyphenol oxidase and catalase in vegetable continuous cropping fields were higher than that in other treatments,the increasing of the CAT activity will reduce the toxicity of the soil.[Conclusion] The results of the experiment indicated that crop yield increased effectively under relay-intercropping and straw returning.At the same time,relay-intercropping improved soil environment,organic matter content and urease activity increased,and the activity of soil polyphenol oxidase and catalase remained at an appropriate level.关键词
连作菜田/套作/秸秆还田/产量/土壤特性Key words
continuous vegetable field/ relay-intercropping/ straw returning/ vegetable yield/ soil prosperities引用本文复制引用
张洁莹,宁堂原,冯宇鹏,张学鹏,孙涛,李增嘉..套作糯玉米对连作菜田土壤特性及产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(10):1994-2003,10.基金项目
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103001)、国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD14B07) （农业）
