应用生态学报2015，Vol.26Issue(1)：76-86,11.
中国小麦季氮素养分循环与平衡特征
Nitrogen cycling and balance for wheat in China
摘要
Abstract
In this study,the input and output parameters of N for wheat production were collected from published literatures and International Plant Nutrition Institute in the period of 2000 to 2011 to evaluate N cycling and balances in North China,the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River and Northwest China.The results showed that the N fertilizer application rates for each region were 170,183 and 150 kg N · hm-2,the amounts of N from the previous crop were 74.6,15.2 and 8.1 kg N · hm-2,and from seeds were 4.9,4.2 and 3.5 kg N · hm-2,respectively.The N inputs from symbiotic fixation,atmospheric deposition and irrigation water in North China were 15,12.9 and 9.9 kg N · hm-2,and in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River were 15,14.5 and 5.8 kg N· hm-2,and in Northwest China were 15,9.4 and 7.7 kg N · hm-2,respectively.The amounts of N uptake by aboveground plant at harvest time in North China,the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River and Northwest China were 174.3,144.4 and 122.3 kg N · hm-2,respectively,and the rates of ammonia volatilization,N2O emission and N leaching in North China were 19.9,2.6 and 11.8 kg N · hm-2,in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River were 9.4,2.4 and 15.5 kg N · hm-2,and in Northwest China were 3.4,0.7 and 0 kg N · hm-2,respectively.As a result,the N balances in these three regions were all showing surpluses by 78.7,66.0 and 67.3 kg N · hm-2.It is therefore necessary to adjust the N fertilizer application rates in these three regions to avoid the negative impacts on the environment.关键词
小麦/氮素/养分循环/养分平衡Key words
wheat / nitrogen / nutrient cycling/ nutrient balance分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
串丽敏,何萍,赵同科,徐新朋,周卫,郑怀国..中国小麦季氮素养分循环与平衡特征[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(1):76-86,11.基金项目
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB127405)、国际植物营养研究所小麦研究项目、农业面源污染动态监测全程阻控减排技术研究与示范项目(2012BAD15B01)和北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项资助. （2013CB127405）
