应用生态学报2015，Vol.26Issue(1)：283-296,14.
华北平原典型农田氮素与水分循环
Nitrogen and water cycling of typical cropland in the North China Plain
摘要
Abstract
Intensive fertilization and irrigation associated increasing grain production has led to serious groundwater depletion and soil/water pollution in the North China Plain (NCP).Intensive agriculture changes the initial mass and energy balance,and also results in huge risks to the water/soil resources and food security regionally.Based on the research reports on the nitrogen cycle and water cycle in typical cropland (winter wheat and summer corn) in the NCP during the past 20 years,and the meteorological data,field experiments and surveys,we calculated the nitrogen cycle and water cycle for this typical cropland.Annual total nitrogen input were 632 kg N · hm-2,including 523 kg N · hm-2 from commercial fertilizer,74 kg N · hm-2 from manure,23 kg N · hm-2 from atmosphere,and 12 kg N · hm-2 from irrigation.All of annual outputs summed to 532 kg N · hm-2,including 289 kg N · hm-2 for crop,77 kg N · hm-2 staying in soil profile,leaching 104 kg N · hm-2,52 kg N · hm-2 for ammonia volatilization,10 kg N · hm-2 loss in nitrification and denitrification.Uncertainties of the individual cases and the summary process lead to the unbalance of nitrogen.For the dominant parts of the field water cycle,annual precipitation was 557 mm,irrigation was 340 mm,while 762 mm was for evapotranspiration and 135 mm was for deep percolation.Considering uncertainties in the nitrogen and water cycles,coupled experiments based on multidisciplines would be useful for understanding mechanisms for nitrogen and water transfer processes in the soil-plant-atmosphere-continuum (SPAC),and the interaction between nitrogen and water,as well as determining the critical threshold values for sustainability of soil and water resources in the NCP.关键词
华北平原/农田/小麦玉米轮作系统/氮素循环/灌溉/水循环Key words
North China Plain/ cropland/ winter wheat and summer corn rotation system/ nitrogen cycle / irrigation / water cycle分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
裴宏伟,沈彦俊,刘昌明..华北平原典型农田氮素与水分循环[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(1):283-296,14.基金项目
中国科学院知识创新前沿领域项目(KSCX2-EW-J5)和国家留学基金项目(201204910291)资助. （KSCX2-EW-J5）
