干旱地区农业研究Issue(2)：32-39,86,9.DOI:10.16302/j.cnki.1000-7601.2015.02.006
新疆南疆籽棉超高产机理研究
Mechanismtic study on the super-high-yield characteristic of cotton in southern Xinjiang
摘要
Abstract
To explore mechanism and related indexes of the super high yield (9 000 kg・hm - 2 ) of seed cotton in the South of Xinjiang area ,research was conducted in fields that displayed super high yield ,high yield and medium yield , respectively ,and the resulting data was collected for further analysis .The results showed that to achieve super high yield ,the primary requirement was to have basic soil fertility ,with organic matter content exceeding 10 g・kg - 1 ,and ap-propriate planting density of 18 × 104 ~ 21 × 104 plants・hm - 2 .Also ,a suitable plant type was needed ,with an optimal plant height around 65 ~ 75 cm ,astem diameter close to 10 mm ,and fruit branches of 9 ~ 10 .It was further noticed that proper distributions of bolls from upper ,middle and lower portions of fruit branch were 3 .2∶4 .7∶2 .1 longitudinally ,and the ratio between the first horizontal fruit section and the second was 7∶3 .Additionally from flowering to peak stage of boll ,LAI ,SPAD and Pn maintained high levels ,reaching the maximums at peak stage of boll ,and then slowing down at later stages .Moreover ,for nitrogen phosphorus potassium distributions ,there were little differences atearly stage .The reproductive growth had been enhanced at flower - boll stage .In particular ,NPK ratio became significantly increased in bud ,flower and boll until boll opening .Dry matter in flower buds and bolls processed through super high yield was sig-nificantly at least 8% more than others .The dry weight of flower buds and bolls reached 6402 kg・hm - 2 at boll opening stage .To achieve production goals ,the followings may all be taken into considerations ,including referencing to indexes of abovementioned data to model a healthy plant type ,coordinating the spatial distributions of cotton bolls ,maintaining high and long photosynthetic rate ,reducing LAI and SPAD descending speed ,promoting reproductive growth ,and bal-ancing reasonable distributions of nutrients .关键词
棉花/超高产/机理/养分分配/新疆Key words
cotton/super high yield/mechanism/nutrient distributions/Xinjiang分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
娄善伟,张巨松,帕尔哈提·买买提,王新江,杨涛,张鹏忠,赵小伊,何红,马腾飞,边洋..新疆南疆籽棉超高产机理研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,(2):32-39,86,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金（41361067）；新疆自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费资助项目（KY2013068）；新疆自治区科技计划项目（201231102）；新疆自治区成果转化项目 （）
