Abstract
Objective To discuss how to reduce the incidence of preterm infants and further improve its survival rate and life quality by analyzing the etiology and common complications of preterm infants.Methods Clinical data of 2 843 premature infants admitted in Haidian Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital during the period of January 2007 to December 2012 were collected to analyze their etiology.The cases were divided into 3 groups according to gestational age ( <32w, 32-<34w, 34-<37w) and divided into 4 groups according to birth weight (<1 500g, 1 500-<2 000g, 2 000-<2 500g,≥2 500g).The incidence of complications was calculated and analyzed. Results The main causes of premature delivery included premature rupture of membrane (32.2%), anemia (21%), multiple pregnancy (15.8%), abnormal umbilical cord (14.8%), fetal distress (12.6%), anomaly of placenta (8.9%), preeclampsia (7.4%) and pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome (3.2%).The differences were significant among 3 groups with different gestational age in the incidences of hyperbilirubinemia, NRDS, aspiratory syndrome, anemia of prematurity, intracranial hemorrhage, apnea, pneumonia, infectious disease, electrolyte disturbance and asphyxia (χ2 value was 113.13, 68.96, 12.24, 853.27, 826.84, 949.20, 99.58, 75.49, 20.94 and 13.58, respectively, all P<0.01).The differences were also significant among 4 groups with different birth weight in the incidences of hyperbilirubinemia, NRDS, anemia of prematurity, intracranial hemorrhage, apnea, pneumonia, infectious disease, electrolyte disturbance, asphyxia and birth defect (χ2 value was 257.76, 397.31, 863.67, 436.23, 401.70, 53.93, 92.41, 42.37, 8.87 and 25.46, respectively, all P<0.01).The complications in the group of gestational age less than 32w and in the group of birth weight less than 1 500g were significantly increased.Conclusion The smaller the gestational age and birth weight, the higher incidence of complications.The management of high risk pregnant women and perinatal cooperation should be strengthened to reduce premature delivery and complications of preterm infants.关键词
早产儿/胎龄/出生体重/并发症/发生率Key words
premature infant/gestational age/birth weight/complications/incidence分类
医药卫生
