农业工程学报Issue(13)：98-104,7.DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.13.014
花铃期高温受涝对棉花的交互效应及排水指标确定
Response of cotton to interaction of waterlogging and high temperature during flowering and boll-forming stage and determination of drainage index
摘要
Abstract
Hubei plain area is characterized by plenty of heavy precipitation and high temperature during the flowering and boll-forming stage of cotton, which may result in frequent occurrence of waterlogging and hot damage in cotton field. Waterlogging and high temperature may interactively damage cotton growth and yield. This study aimed to investigate the response of cotton growth and yield to interaction of waterlogging and high temperature condition. In order to achieve the objectives, tube-shaped concrete facilities were used for irrigation and drainage adjustment. Cotton was planted in the facility in 2013 and 2014. The experiments were carried out in Irrigation and Drainage Experimental Station of the Four Lake Engineering Management Bureau, Jingzhou, China (112°31′E, 30°21′N).Waterlogging, high temperature period and interaction stress were designed. The interaction of waterlogging and high temperature was conducted in the lowering and boll-forming stage of cotton. The soil moisture in the waterlogging treatment was kept at 90% water holding capacity above. Meanwhile, the facility for cotton cultivation in soil with moisture kept at 70%-80% water holding capacity was used as a control. After treatments, the groundwater table was lowered to 80 cm below. The plant height (PH), number of fruit branch (NFB), chlorophyll content (Chla, Chlb, Chl(a+b)), malonaldehyde content (MDA), soluble sugar (SS) and soluble protein(SP) were measured. The yield and its component of cotton were determined. The results showed that:1) In normal temperature or high temperature, the cotton plant became obviously dwarf, and SS and SP content in the fourth leaf from the top increased significantly with a minimum of 3 d waterlogging (P<0.05). In normal temperature, the numbers of fruit branch decreased significantly (P<0.05) and MDA content in the forth leaf from the top increased with a minimum of 6 d waterlogging, but in high temperature it increased with a minimum of 3 d waterlogging. In normal temperature ,the content of Chla in the forth leaf from the top decreased significantly (P<0.05) with a minimum of 12d waterlogging, while in high temperature it decreased with a minimum of 15d waterlogging. Cotton suffering from waterlogging, hot damage, and their interactive effects during flowering and boll-forming stage had a severe yield reduction with influence degree ordered as interactive effects>waterlogging>high temperature.Whether in the high temperature condition or normal temperature, the seed cotton yield was significantly (P<0.05) lower than control when cotton suffered from 3 days of waterlogging. The reason of yield reduction was that severe waterlogging stress decreased boll numbers and weight per boll. Assuming the seed cotton yield decreasing by 20% as the drainage waterlogging standard and waterlogging with 4 days of high temperature appearing in flowering and boll-forming stage of cotton, the maximum waterlogged duration should be 3.4 days, before which the surface water must be drained in order to keep cotton yield and groundwater table should be lower to 80 cm below within 3 days after drainage. The results are helpful in relieving climatic disaster in cotton production.关键词
排水/胁迫/棉花/涝/高温/交互效应/产量Key words
drainage/stresses/cotton/waterlogging/high temperature/interaction/yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
吴启侠,朱建强,杨威,程伦国,晏军..花铃期高温受涝对棉花的交互效应及排水指标确定[J].农业工程学报,2015,(13):98-104,7.基金项目
国家自然科学基金（51079007）；农业部公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201203032）；湖北省重点（优势）学科作物学（长江大学）（2013XKJS）；长江大学湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心开放基金 （）
