农业工程学报Issue(z1)：8-13,6.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.z1.002
侧正压玉米排种器的设计与试验
Design and experiment of side positive pressure seed metering device
摘要
Abstract
Precision seeding device was one of the important parts of precision seeder. Among the seeding devices, mechanical seeding device had simple structure and lower cost of manufacture. So it was widely used in China now. Meanwhile, it caused damage of seeds and needed frequent maintenance. As to its unstable working condition, it can not adapt to high speed operation. At present, pneumatic seeding device was used to achieve precision seeding. It mainly accomplished precision seeding by means of pressure difference. But air suction seeding device required precise structure to avoid pressure loss and it often consumed more electric power. Due to the problems, a set of side positive pressure seeding device was designed in order to realize maize precision seeding. The working principle of seeding device was analyzed, and the dynamics of seeding process was studied. It accomplished better filling seeds and carrying seeds by positive pressure air. The basic requirements were also researched to meet reliable seeding by force analysis of seeds in filling hole. A suitable filling hole was designed to realize precise filling seeds. According to the analysis, the pressure must reach 1.2 kPa to guarantee the seeds in the filling hole reliably. Three factors have great effect on seeding device performance:air pressure, rotation speed of seed plate and size of filling hole. In order to figure out the degree of influence of all the factors and confirm the best working parameters of seeding device, uniform design was arranged on influence factors for basic performance, and the regression mathematical model of three indexes was set up. The test results have showed that, the speed of planter plate was the most significant factor to qualified index and loss index, filling hole size was the most remarkable factor to the reseeding index. Fan pressure affected the row index insignificantly. When fan pressure reaches 1.2kPa, the speed of planter plate 18r/min, filling hole width 11mm, the requirements of sowing was remarkable. Seed size also influenced seeding performance. Accordingly seeds’ three-dimensional size was measured for grading. The seeds with width size between 8.5mm to 9.5mm accounted for 85%. On this basis, seeds were graded by DSX computer filter through seed grading test, and then the seed metering performance was significantly improved. Qualified index reached 89.36% and loss index was 4.26%. The side positive pressure seeding device had simple structure and it consumed less energy. More importantly it worked efficiently under a wide pressure range. It provided a new method for design of seeding device.关键词
农业机械/播种/试验/排种器/侧正压Key words
agriculture machinery/seed/experiments/seeding device/side positive pressure分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
杨善东,张东兴,刁培松,郭志东,宋井玲,张秀德..侧正压玉米排种器的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,(z1):8-13,6.基金项目
玉米机械化生产工艺与装备系统优化研究与示范项目 （）
