农业环境科学学报Issue(12)：2395-2403,9.DOI:10.11654/jaes.2014.12.017
生物炭对灌淤土氮素流失及水稻产量的影响
Effects of Biochar on Nitrogen Losses and Rice Yield in Anthropogenic-alluvial Soil Irrigated with Yellow River Water
摘要
Abstract
Application of high rates of nitrogen(N)fertilizer and flooded irrigation in rice production often result in N leaching and low N use efficiency of fertilizers in Ningxia Irrigation Region in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. Reducing N leaching and improving N fertilizer use efficiency are important for sustainable and high yield rice production and water quality. In this study, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different rates of biochar on rice yield and nitrogen leaching in an anthropogenic-alluvial soil at the up-per reaches of the Yellow River basin in Northwest China. Three biochar rates with routine N rate(300 kg·hm-2)including C3N300(high rate of biochar, 9000 kg·hm-2);C2N300(Middle rate of biochar, 6750 kg·hm-2)and C1N300(low rate of biochar, 4500 kg·hm-2)and a null treatment(C0N300, no application of biochar)were set. Field lysimeters were used to quantify drainage amount during the rice growing season by an undisturbed sampling technique. The results showed that biochar amendment decreased the concentrations of both TN and NO-3-N but increased ammonium N concentrations in the water layer and leaching water in anthropogenic-alluvial soil. Effects of biochar a-mendments on N leaching in soil profiles were greatest at 20 cm depth, but little at 100 cm. During rice growing season, the run-off loss of TN and NO-3-N decreased while that of NH+4-N increased with increasing biochar rates. Amendment of biochar decreased TN leaching by 9.45%at C3N300, compared with C0N300 treatment. Biochar amendments significantly increased rice yield by 15.3%~44.9%over the con-trol through increased spikelets per panicle and panicle number per hectare. The rate of biochare was positively correlated with rice yield(r=0.962*,P<0.05). Our study reveals that biochar can positively increase rice yield while reducing nitrogen leaching in the rice fields.关键词
生物炭/灌淤土/氮淋失/水稻产量/宁夏引黄灌区Key words
biochar/anthropogenic-alluvial soil/nitrogen leaching/rice yield/Ningxia irrigation region分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
张爱平,刘汝亮,高霁,张晴雯,肖建南,陈哲,杨世琦,惠锦卓,杨正礼..生物炭对灌淤土氮素流失及水稻产量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,(12):2395-2403,9.基金项目
中央公益型科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金（BSRF201306）；农业清洁流域创新基金；宁夏科技支撑计划项目 （）
