水生态学杂志Issue(5)：82-90,9.
汉江中下游底栖动物群落结构特征研究
Zoobenthos Communities in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Hanjiang River
摘要
Abstract
Danjiangkou Reservoir on the Hanjiang River is the source of water for the middle section of the South-North Water Diversion Project.Operation of the water diversion project reduces water inflow to the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River,adversely affecting the aquatic ecology of the middle-lower reaches of the Hanjiang River (from the dam at Danjiangkou Reservoir to the confluence of the Hanjiang River with the Yangtze River,ex-tending -650 km).In this study,the community structure of zoobenthos in the middle-lower reaches of the Han-jiang River was characterized.Results expand the zoobenthos data available for this section of the Hanjiang River and provide information necessary to assess the ecological impact of the middle section of south-north water diver-sion project.Fieldwork was carried out at 12 sites (depth<1 m)on the Hanjiang River during the wet season(July 2011),the normal season(October,2011)and the dry season(April,2012).Zoobenthos samples were collected with a grab sampler (sample area=0.1575 m2 ,two or four replicates)and the sieved samples were fixed in 4%formaldehyde solution for identification.A total of 57 species from 4 phyla,7 classes,15 orders and 31 families were identified,including 31species of aquatic insects,3 oligochaetes,13 mollusks and 10 species of other faunas. Among these species,the most commonly encountered were Gammaridae sp.,Palaemonidae sp.1 ,Atyidae sp., Branchiura sowerbyi,Bellamya purificata,Semisulcospira cancellata and Radix swinhoei.Species diversity was the highest in April and the lowest in October.Species diversity (50 species)in the middle reaches was clearly higher than in the lower reaches (22 species),with >30% occurrence frequency for Semisulcospira cancellata,Radix swinhoei and Palaemonidae sp.in both the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River.The spatial variation of the zoobenthos community structure between the middle and the lower reaches was not significant (P=0.1423). However,Semisulcospira cancellata,Palaemonidae sp.1 ,Bellamya purificata,Polypedilum sp.,Gammaridae sp. and Atyidae sp.contributed more than 5%to community differences in the middle and lower reaches and the cumu-lative contribution of these species was 57.55%.The temporal variation of community structure between dry season and wet season (P=0.0961),between dry season and normal season (P=0.1261)was not significant,while the differences between wet season and normal season were significant (P=0.002).Gammaridae sp.and Semisulco-spira cancellata contributed >10% to the differences in community structure between dry season and wet season, while the contributions of Palaemonidae sp.1 ,Semisulcospira cancellata and Atyidae sp.were>1 1%between dry season and normal season,and between wet season and normal season.The average density of zoobenthos in dry season,wet season,and normal season were 199.71 ind/m2,168.45 ind/m2 and 160.71 ind/m2,and the bio-mass was 37.0052 g/m2,40.7981g/m2 and 45.59 g/m2 respectively.No significant temporal differences were found in the sampling stations (P>0.05),while the densities and biomass in the middle reaches (Danjiangkou-Huangzhuang)were higher than those of the lower reaches (below Huangzhuang)(P=0.0813).The Shannon-Wiener indices were 1.6121 in dry season,1.5197 in wet season and 0.7868 in normal season,gradually decrea-sing from the middle reaches to the low reaches and is related to the continuously declining water quality from the middle to lower reaches of the Hanjiang River.The succession of the zoobenthos community structure in the middle-lower reaches basically reflects the influence of development on the aquatic ecology of the river.关键词
汉江中下游/底栖动物/群落结构Key words
middle-lower reaches of the Hanjiang River/zoobenthos/community structure分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
池仕运,陈胜,汪红军,马沛明,胡菊香..汉江中下游底栖动物群落结构特征研究[J].水生态学杂志,2014,(5):82-90,9.基金项目
水利部公益性行业科研专项（201001001-03）。 （）
